{"id":98823,"date":"2021-01-27T22:48:24","date_gmt":"2021-01-27T22:48:24","guid":{"rendered":"https:\/\/raed.academy\/?p=98823"},"modified":"2021-01-30T11:46:56","modified_gmt":"2021-01-30T11:46:56","slug":"novichok-les-noves-armes-quimiques-que-venen-de-lest-francisco-lopez-munoz","status":"publish","type":"post","link":"https:\/\/raed.academy\/ca\/novichok-les-noves-armes-quimiques-que-venen-de-lest-francisco-lopez-munoz\/","title":{"rendered":"Qu\u00e8 \u00e9s Novitxok, aquesta arma letal emprada contra dissidents russos com Navalni? Les noves armes qu\u00edmiques que venen de l&#8217;Est"},"content":{"rendered":"<p><a href=\"https:\/\/raed.academy\/ca\/academics\/dr-francisco-lopez-munoz\/\" target=\"_blank\" rel=\"noopener\"><strong><em>Francisco L\u00f3pez Mu\u00f1oz<\/em><\/strong><\/a><br \/>\n<em>Professor de Farmacologia i vice-rector d&#8217;Investigaci\u00f3 i Ci\u00e8ncia i director de l&#8217;Escola Internacional de Doctorat de la Universitat Camilo Jos\u00e9 Cela. Acad\u00e8mic de n\u00famero de la Reial Acad\u00e8mia Europea de Doctors-Barcelona 1914 (RAED)<\/em><\/p>\n<p><em>Article publicat a l&#8217;edici\u00f3 espanyola del portal acad\u00e8mic &#8220;The Conversation&#8221; el 18 de gener de 2021<\/em><\/p>\n<p><strong><img loading=\"lazy\" decoding=\"async\" class=\"alignleft wp-image-99031\" src=\"https:\/\/raed.academy\/wp-content\/uploads\/2021\/01\/Novichok-dstNtc.jpg\" sizes=\"(max-width: 400px) 100vw, 400px\" srcset=\"https:\/\/raed.academy\/wp-content\/uploads\/2021\/01\/Novichok-dstNtc.jpg 600w, https:\/\/raed.academy\/wp-content\/uploads\/2021\/01\/Novichok-dstNtc-440x264.jpg 440w\" alt=\"\" width=\"400\" height=\"240\" data-attachment-id=\"99031\" data-permalink=\"https:\/\/raed.academy\/novichok-las-nuevas-armas-quimicas-que-vienen-del-este\/novichok-dstntc\/\" data-orig-file=\"https:\/\/raed.academy\/wp-content\/uploads\/2021\/01\/Novichok-dstNtc.jpg\" data-orig-size=\"600,360\" data-comments-opened=\"0\" data-image-meta=\"{&quot;aperture&quot;:&quot;0&quot;,&quot;credit&quot;:&quot;&quot;,&quot;camera&quot;:&quot;&quot;,&quot;caption&quot;:&quot;&quot;,&quot;created_timestamp&quot;:&quot;0&quot;,&quot;copyright&quot;:&quot;&quot;,&quot;focal_length&quot;:&quot;0&quot;,&quot;iso&quot;:&quot;0&quot;,&quot;shutter_speed&quot;:&quot;0&quot;,&quot;title&quot;:&quot;&quot;,&quot;orientation&quot;:&quot;0&quot;}\" data-image-title=\"Novichok-dstNtc\" data-image-description=\"\" data-medium-file=\"https:\/\/raed.academy\/wp-content\/uploads\/2021\/01\/Novichok-dstNtc.jpg\" data-large-file=\"https:\/\/raed.academy\/wp-content\/uploads\/2021\/01\/Novichok-dstNtc.jpg\" \/><a href=\"https:\/\/raed.academy\/ca\/academics\/dr-francisco-lopez-munoz\/\" target=\"_blank\" rel=\"noopener\"><em>Francisco L\u00f3pez Mu\u00f1oz<\/em><\/a><\/strong>, professor de Farmacologia i director de l&#8217;<strong>Escola Internacional de Doctorat<\/strong> de la <strong>Universitat Camilo Jos\u00e9 Cela<\/strong> i acad\u00e8mic de n\u00famero de la <strong>Reial Acad\u00e8mia Europea de Doctors-Barcelona 1914<\/strong> (RAED), va publicar el passat 18 de gener a l&#8217;edici\u00f3 espanyola del portal acad\u00e8mic <strong>&#8220;The Conversation&#8221;<\/strong> l&#8217;article <strong>&#8220;\u00bfQu\u00e9 es novichok, ese arma letal empleada contra disidentes rusos como\u00a0Navalni?&#8221;<\/strong>, en qu\u00e8 repr\u00e8n un dels temes centrals dels seus estudis sobre les armes qu\u00edmica al llarg de la hist\u00f2ria contempor\u00e0nia. L&#8217;acad\u00e8mic signa aquest treball divulgatiu costat d&#8217;<strong>Alejandro Romero<\/strong>, professor de Toxicologia de la <strong>Universitat Complutense de Madrid<\/strong>. Tots dos ja van publicar, en aquest mateix portal, els articles <strong>&#8220;La tragedia de los gases de la muerte durante la Gran Guerra&#8221; <\/strong>i <strong>&#8220;Los nazis descubrieron los agentes neurot\u00f3xicos como armas de guerra qu\u00edmica&#8221;<\/strong>.<\/p>\n<p>&#8220;Novitxok (&#8216;nouvingut&#8217; o &#8216;principiant&#8217;, en rus) \u00e9s el nom amb qu\u00e8 s&#8217;ha batejat a la quarta generaci\u00f3 d&#8217;armes qu\u00edmiques suposadament desenvolupades a l&#8217;extinta Uni\u00f3 Sovi\u00e8tica entre els anys 70 i 90 del segle passat. La detenci\u00f3, aquest cap de setmana, despr\u00e9s d&#8217;aterrar a Moscou, del dissident <strong>Aleksei Navalni<\/strong>, suposadament enverinat per novitxok, ha tornat a posar d&#8217;actualitat una subst\u00e0ncia que va ser dissenyada per no ser detectada per les eines disponibles per les forces de l&#8217;OTAN&#8221;, inicien tots dos experts la seva reflexi\u00f3.<\/p>\n<div id=\"attachment_93421\" style=\"width: 230px\" class=\"wp-caption alignright\"><img loading=\"lazy\" decoding=\"async\" aria-describedby=\"caption-attachment-93421\" class=\"wp-image-93421\" src=\"https:\/\/raed.academy\/wp-content\/uploads\/2020\/09\/Francisco-Lopez-Munoz.jpg\" alt=\"Francisco L\u00f3pez Mu\u00f1oz\" width=\"220\" height=\"293\" aria-describedby=\"caption-attachment-93421\" data-attachment-id=\"93421\" data-permalink=\"https:\/\/raed.academy\/paradojas-y-fracaso-de-la-ley-seca\/francisco-lopez-munoz-13\/\" data-orig-file=\"https:\/\/raed.academy\/wp-content\/uploads\/2020\/09\/Francisco-Lopez-Munoz.jpg\" data-orig-size=\"300,400\" data-comments-opened=\"0\" data-image-meta=\"{&quot;aperture&quot;:&quot;0&quot;,&quot;credit&quot;:&quot;&quot;,&quot;camera&quot;:&quot;&quot;,&quot;caption&quot;:&quot;&quot;,&quot;created_timestamp&quot;:&quot;0&quot;,&quot;copyright&quot;:&quot;&quot;,&quot;focal_length&quot;:&quot;0&quot;,&quot;iso&quot;:&quot;0&quot;,&quot;shutter_speed&quot;:&quot;0&quot;,&quot;title&quot;:&quot;&quot;,&quot;orientation&quot;:&quot;0&quot;}\" data-image-title=\"Francisco L\u00f3pez Mu\u00f1oz\" data-image-description=\"\" data-medium-file=\"https:\/\/raed.academy\/wp-content\/uploads\/2020\/09\/Francisco-Lopez-Munoz.jpg\" data-large-file=\"https:\/\/raed.academy\/wp-content\/uploads\/2020\/09\/Francisco-Lopez-Munoz.jpg\" \/><p id=\"caption-attachment-93421\" class=\"wp-caption-text\">Dr. Francisco L\u00f3pez Mu\u00f1oz<\/p><\/div>\n<p>L\u00f3pez Mu\u00f1oz i Romero expliquen com els novitxok s\u00f3n capa\u00e7os de penetrar dins del cos de l&#8217;enemic independentment de les mesures de protecci\u00f3 existents al seu moment, s\u00f3n segurs de transportar i emmagatzemar, i els seus efectes no tenen tractament. A m\u00e9s, no estaven inclosos a la<strong> Convenci\u00f3 de l&#8217;Organitzaci\u00f3 per a la Prohibici\u00f3 d&#8217;Armes Qu\u00edmiques<\/strong>. &#8220;Tot aix\u00f2 els fa especialment atractius tant per a fins terroristes com de guerra qu\u00edmica, i s\u00f3n qualificats per alguns experts com el grup d&#8217;agents nerviosos m\u00e9s mortals que mai s&#8217;han desenvolupat&#8221;, assenyalen.<\/p>\n<p>El seu descobriment es deu en bona part a la publicaci\u00f3 d&#8217;el llibre <strong>&#8220;Secrets d&#8217;Estat: una cr\u00f2nica interna de el programa rus d&#8217;armes qu\u00edmiques&#8221;<\/strong>, l i cient\u00edfic rus exiliat als Estats Units <strong>Vil Mirzai\u00e0nov<\/strong>, que va denunciar a la Uni\u00f3 Sovi\u00e8tica per haver desenvolupat, sota un programa secret, el grup dels primers agents novitxok entre el 1970 i el 1990.<\/p>\n<p>Per als dos experts, els novitxoks, que escapen al control internacional, representen avui dia un motiu d&#8217;enorme preocupaci\u00f3 al camp de les armes qu\u00edmiques. &#8220;Una elucidaci\u00f3 urgent, completa i indubtable de les seves estructures qu\u00edmiques i propietats \u00e9s fonamental per entendre millor els riscos reals que plantegen aquests compostos i per al desenvolupament d&#8217;una protecci\u00f3 efica\u00e7, que permetr\u00e0 la descoberta dels ant\u00eddots m\u00e9s adequats i el desenvolupament de protocols biol\u00f2gics i anal\u00edtics per a la identificaci\u00f3 del seu \u00fas indegut&#8221;, afirmen.<\/p>\n<p>&nbsp;<\/p>\n<h2><a href=\"https:\/\/theconversation.com\/que-es-novichok-ese-arma-letal-empleada-contra-disidentes-rusos-como-navalni-153467\" target=\"_blank\" rel=\"noopener\">Llegiu &#8220;\u00bfQu\u00e9 es novichok, ese arma letal empleada contra disidentes rusos como Navalni?&#8221;<\/a><\/h2>\n<h2><a href=\"https:\/\/theconversation.com\/los-nazis-descubrieron-los-agentes-neurotoxicos-como-armas-de-guerra-quimica-146437\" target=\"_blank\" rel=\"noopener\">Llegiu &#8220;Los nazis descubrieron los agentes neurot\u00f3xicos como armas de guerra qu\u00edmica&#8221;<\/a><\/h2>\n<h2><a href=\"https:\/\/raed.academy\/armas-quimicas-en-la-primera-guerra-mundial\/\" target=\"_blank\" rel=\"noopener\">Llegiu &#8220;La tragedia de los gases de la muerte durante la Gran Guerra&#8221;<\/a><\/h2>\n","protected":false},"excerpt":{"rendered":"<p>Una quarta generaci\u00f3 d&#8217;armes qu\u00edmiques, suposadament desenvolupades a la Uni\u00f3 Sovi\u00e8tica entre els anys 70 i 90, que escapa al control internacional<\/p>\n","protected":false},"author":12,"featured_media":99032,"comment_status":"closed","ping_status":"closed","sticky":false,"template":"","format":"standard","meta":{"_et_pb_use_builder":"","_et_pb_old_content":"","_et_gb_content_width":"","footnotes":""},"categories":[213],"tags":[],"class_list":["post-98823","post","type-post","status-publish","format-standard","has-post-thumbnail","hentry","category-medicina-i-cirurgia","et-has-post-format-content","et_post_format-et-post-format-standard"],"yoast_head":"<!-- This site is optimized with the Yoast SEO plugin v27.3 - https:\/\/yoast.com\/product\/yoast-seo-wordpress\/ -->\n<title>Qu\u00e8 \u00e9s Novitxok, aquesta arma letal emprada contra dissidents russos com Navalni? 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