{"id":98084,"date":"2021-01-07T12:24:23","date_gmt":"2021-01-07T12:24:23","guid":{"rendered":"https:\/\/raed.academy\/?p=98084"},"modified":"2021-01-08T14:08:00","modified_gmt":"2021-01-08T14:08:00","slug":"la-legitimitat-de-la-constitucio-des-del-dret","status":"publish","type":"post","link":"https:\/\/raed.academy\/ca\/la-legitimitat-de-la-constitucio-des-del-dret\/","title":{"rendered":"La legitimitat de la Constituci\u00f3 des del Dret"},"content":{"rendered":"

Teresa Freixes<\/em><\/strong><\/a>
\nCatedr\u00e0tica Jean Monnet ad personam, acad\u00e8mica de n\u00famero i vice-presidenta de la Reial Acad\u00e8mia Europea de Doctors-Barcelona 1914 (RAED)<\/em><\/p>\n

\"Dra.

Dra. Teresa Ferixes<\/p><\/div>\n

Teresa Freixes<\/em><\/strong><\/a>, catedr\u00e0tica Jean Monnet<\/strong> ad personam, acad\u00e8mica de n\u00famero i vice-presidenta de la Reial Acad\u00e8mia Europea de Doctors-Barcelona 1914<\/strong> (RAED), reflexiona sobre el debat obert al voltant de la legitimitat de la Constituci\u00f3 Espanyola<\/strong> i la seva reforma en l’article “Constituci\u00f3n, ratificaci\u00f3n popular y reforma constitucional”<\/strong>, publicat el passat 25 de desembre al seu bloc personal, teresafreixes.wordpress.com<\/strong><\/a>. Un rigor\u00f3s estudi elaborat al costat dels reconeguts estudiosos als \u00e0mbits de la Just\u00edcia i la Hist\u00f2ria Daniel Berzosa<\/strong>, Alfonso Ga\u00f1\u00e1n<\/strong> i Jos\u00e9 Varela Ortega<\/strong>.<\/p>\n

“De la mateixa manera que estan en vigor constitucions que no van ser aprovades en refer\u00e8ndum, no sempre s’exigeix \u200b\u200baquest per aprovar la reforma constitucional. Aquesta observaci\u00f3 ve al cas perqu\u00e8, com els ulls del Guadiana, emergeix el debat sobre si, en haver estat aprovada la Constituci\u00f3 Espanyola per refer\u00e8ndum del poble espanyol el 1978, bona part de la poblaci\u00f3 actual no s’hauria pronunciat sobre ella, i, com a conseq\u00fc\u00e8ncia, hauria perdut la seva legitimitat, perqu\u00e8 s’aplica sense que aquestes generacions l’hagin votat. Fins i tot la detesten m\u00e9s, perqu\u00e8 les dues reformes del text originari que s’han efectuat no van precisar, en no recaure en les parts de la Constituci\u00f3 que ho exigeixen, de la realitzaci\u00f3 de cap refer\u00e8ndum”, inicien els estudiosos la seva reflexi\u00f3.<\/p>\n

Freixes, Berzosa, Ga\u00f1\u00e1n i Varela Ortega expliquen de manera succinta la hist\u00f2ria i aprovaci\u00f3 dels principals textos constitucionals de les democr\u00e0cies europees, la majoria sense una ratificaci\u00f3 popular, i esbossen de la mateixa manera l’evoluci\u00f3 del pensament pol\u00edtic a la llum dels principals te\u00f2rics dels sistemes democr\u00e0tics occidentals des de la Il\u00b7lustraci\u00f3, detenint-se en la construcci\u00f3 del sistema democr\u00e0tic nord-americ\u00e0, considerat avui paradigm\u00e0tic. Tot aix\u00f2 per concloure que l’estabilitat \u00e9s un dels principals pilars de la democr\u00e0cia. “Certament, les constitucions tenen o han de tenir voluntat de perman\u00e8ncia i, per aix\u00f2, solen establir mecanismes refor\u00e7ats de revisi\u00f3, m\u00e9s complicats que els canvis a les normes amb valor jur\u00eddic inferior. Aquesta perman\u00e8ncia est\u00e0 lligada amb la voluntat d’estabilitzar, alhora, la vida pol\u00edtica i econ\u00f2mica, \u00e9s a dir, amb una certa voluntat de refor\u00e7ar el benestar social”, exposen.<\/p>\n

\"\"Per als autors, ni el refer\u00e8ndum \u00e9s garantia de legitimitat ni es fa necess\u00e0ria la reforma d’un text constitucional per adaptar-lo a l’evoluci\u00f3 pol\u00edtica i social. “\u00c9s fals que els instruments de democr\u00e0cia directa, com \u00e9s el refer\u00e8ndum, atorguin sense m\u00e9s un major grau de legitimitat a una decisi\u00f3 o a un sistema pol\u00edtics. Durant el franquisme, se’n van celebrar dos. El primer al 1947, per aprovar la llei de Successi\u00f3 en la Direcci\u00f3 de l’Estat; el segon el 1966, amb la llei org\u00e0nica de l’Estat. Segons aquesta esbiaixada forma d’estimar el valor del refer\u00e8ndum, si en quaranta anys se’n van fer dos, es va guanyar a m\u00e9s la legitimaci\u00f3 generacional cada 20 anys. Significa aix\u00f2 que va ser democr\u00e0tic el sistema de Franco<\/strong>? No sempre cal reformar la Constituci\u00f3 perqu\u00e8 respongui a les necessitats socials de cada moment hist\u00f2ric. Aix\u00f2 podria ser necessari en una llei ordin\u00e0ria, fins i tot en un Codi Penal<\/strong> o Codi Civil<\/strong>, normes que han d’evolucionar al ritme que la societat necessiti, per\u00f2 les constitucions, tal com la millor doctrina constitucional estableix, cobren la seva efectivitat mitjan\u00e7ant la interpretaci\u00f3, el desenvolupament i l’aplicaci\u00f3”, assenyalen.<\/p>\n

 <\/p>\n

Llegiu l’estudi<\/a><\/h2>\n","protected":false},"excerpt":{"rendered":"

Teresa Freixes reflexiona sobre el debat obert al voltant de la legitimitat de la Constituci\u00f3 Espanyola i la seva reforma<\/p>\n","protected":false},"author":12,"featured_media":93781,"comment_status":"closed","ping_status":"closed","sticky":false,"template":"","format":"standard","meta":{"_et_pb_use_builder":"","_et_pb_old_content":"","_et_gb_content_width":"","footnotes":""},"categories":[225],"tags":[],"class_list":["post-98084","post","type-post","status-publish","format-standard","has-post-thumbnail","hentry","category-dret","et-has-post-format-content","et_post_format-et-post-format-standard"],"yoast_head":"\nLa legitimitat de la Constituci\u00f3 des del Dret - Reial Acad\u00e8mia Europea de Doctors<\/title>\n<meta name=\"description\" content=\"Teresa Freixes reflexiona sobre el debat obert al voltant de la legitimitat de la Constituci\u00f3 Espanyola i la seva reforma\" \/>\n<meta name=\"robots\" content=\"index, follow, max-snippet:-1, max-image-preview:large, max-video-preview:-1\" \/>\n<link rel=\"canonical\" href=\"https:\/\/raed.academy\/ca\/la-legitimitat-de-la-constitucio-des-del-dret\/\" \/>\n<meta property=\"og:locale\" content=\"ca_ES\" \/>\n<meta property=\"og:type\" content=\"article\" \/>\n<meta property=\"og:title\" content=\"La legitimitat de la Constituci\u00f3 des del Dret - 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