{"id":91302,"date":"2020-06-10T16:18:02","date_gmt":"2020-06-10T16:18:02","guid":{"rendered":"https:\/\/raed.academy\/?p=91302"},"modified":"2020-06-10T17:21:26","modified_gmt":"2020-06-10T17:21:26","slug":"economia-i-coronavirus-jose-maria-gay-de-liebana-2","status":"publish","type":"post","link":"https:\/\/raed.academy\/ca\/economia-i-coronavirus-jose-maria-gay-de-liebana-2\/","title":{"rendered":"Economia i coronavirus (7)"},"content":{"rendered":"

Jos\u00e9 Mar\u00eda Gay de Li\u00e9bana<\/strong><\/em><\/a>
\nP<\/em>rofessor de la Facultat d’Economia i Empresa de la Universitat de Barcelona
\nAcad\u00e8mic de n\u00famero de la Reial Acad\u00e8mia Europea de Doctors-Barcelona 1914 (RAED)<\/em><\/p>\n

Desitjant<\/span><\/h3>\n

El nostre Govern est\u00e0 desitjant fervent i entusiasta que l’economia espanyola i les nostres empreses recobrin el seu ple vigor, encara que ho dissimuli amena\u00e7ant, sota pretext de reconstruir econ\u00f2micament Espanya, amb pujades d’impostos als despectivament titllats com a rics, apel\u00b7lant a una mal entesa solidaritat. La solidaritat hi ha maneres de practicar-la sense necessitat de confiscar patrimonis privats guanyats a pols, amb suor i esfor\u00e7, treballant -no fent pol\u00edtica-, creant riquesa per a Espanya i molts milers de llocs de treball. Per exemple, aquesta solidaritat patri\u00f2tica s’exerceix pagant compres de material sanitari, que el nostre Govern no fa, i portant avions des de la Xina.<\/span><\/p>\n

Potser aquests titllats de rics siguin els que donen centenars de milions perqu\u00e8 els nostres hospitals p\u00fablics disposin de maquin\u00e0ria per a combatre el c\u00e0ncer, que l’Estat no paga tot i elevar la despesa p\u00fablica. La reconstrucci\u00f3 econ\u00f2mica no passa per succionar recursos privats per dur-los a les canonades de la despesa p\u00fablica profussament, confussament i difussament. Verbigr\u00e0cia: els comptes de l’Estat del 2018 estan en dubte. El Tribunal de Comptes<\/strong> formula excepcions que sumen 9.000 milions d’euros, resultat inflat i conclou que la Seguretat Social est\u00e0 en fallida en \u00e9sser el seu patrimoni net negatiu.<\/p>\n

El nostre Govern est\u00e0 desitjant amb ardor i sensibilitat que la desescalada suposi l’impuls de la nostra economia. Si no \u00e9s aix\u00ed, s’estaria gestant la nacionalitzaci\u00f3 de les nostres empreses i de l’ocupaci\u00f3; ergo, la intervenci\u00f3 de la nostra economia, confluint en una economia sovietizada, paradoxalment dins de la Uni\u00f3 Europea i, \u00e9s de suposar, que amb certs personatges presidint companyies de l’Ibex 35 que, per descomptat, imprimirien un toc progressista d’enorme calat…<\/p>\n

Mossegant la pols<\/span><\/h3>\n

Aquells impactes “poc significatius” i “transitoris” en l’economia espanyola a causa del coronavirus que deia la responsable econ\u00f2mica de Govern el passat 4 de mar\u00e7 ens estan fent mossegar la pols, com cavallers de l’Edat Mitjana quan mortalment ferits prenien un grapat de terra i el besaven, com darrer reconeixement a la mare Terra. Si ning\u00fa no posa remei, aix\u00f2 \u00e9s el que li espera a l’economia espanyola. El Banc d’Espanya<\/strong> llan\u00e7a el seu missatge davant la magnitud de la pertorbaci\u00f3. Res de simple x\u00e0fec primaveral. I pel caire de l’assumpte, aix\u00f2 no t\u00e9 pinta de resoldre.<\/span><\/p>\n

La Covid-19 no nom\u00e9s \u00e9s una forta sacsejada, com fatal terratr\u00e8mol per a la nostra economia, sin\u00f3 el primer sisme d’una s\u00e8rie de r\u00e8pliques que es cronifica. Crisi que, pel llarg confinament i la perllongada paralitzaci\u00f3 de l’activitat, i l’abs\u00e8ncia de mesures rumbosas per part de Govern, es dur\u00e0 per davant a centenars de milers d’empreses, sense capacitat de superviv\u00e8ncia, i milions de llocs de treball. El nostre PIB s’estimba el 2020 i el 2021 no remuntar\u00e0 com per refer-nos del cop. Les nostres finances p\u00fabliques entren en escac, amb aspectes d’escac i mat, precipitant-se al buit d’un d\u00e8ficit insuportable i un deute p\u00fablic inassumible. Ens hauran de soc\u00f3rrer.<\/p>\n

L’esfor\u00e7 de l’Estat per la crisi \u00e9s exigu: 30.000 milions d’euros, 3% de PIB, i amb aix\u00f2 no n’hi ha prou per redre\u00e7ar el rumb nefast de la nostra economia. \u00c9s ara quan l’Estat ha de gastar fins a l’\u00faltim c\u00e8ntim per evitar l’enfonsament de l’economia espanyola. I, despr\u00e9s, el dia despr\u00e9s, ser\u00e0 temps de reformular la nostra despesa p\u00fablica que demana a crits l’aplicaci\u00f3 d’un pressupost base zero, on res de l’anterior serveix ja, defugint despesa sup\u00e8rflua i reajustant el quadre fiscal. Mosseguem la pols, com cavallers de l’Edat Mitjana.<\/p>\n

Marcant estil<\/span><\/h3>\n

Dies enrere vam sentit bones noves de boca del cient\u00edfic espanyol Juan Andr\u00e9s<\/strong> sobre els esperan\u00e7adors resultats de la vacuna contra la coronavirus que, com no podia ser d’altra manera, porta segell nord-americ\u00e0 amb participaci\u00f3 de talent catal\u00e0. Aquesta era la not\u00edcia que vol\u00edem sentir. Des d’aquest instant, la brillantor dels nostres ulls reprenia tra\u00e7os il\u00b7lusionants. Per fi, un prim per\u00f2 reconfortant filet de llum, despr\u00e9s de setmanes d’abatiment, entrava en les nostres vides. Mentre escoltava a Juan Andr\u00e9s, qui investiga, com no!, als Estats Units, despr\u00e9s de la seva experi\u00e8ncia a Su\u00efssa, com no tamb\u00e9!, pensava que sempre s\u00f3n els Estats Units el pa\u00eds que marca les passes del progr\u00e9s cient\u00edfic, de la prosperitat econ\u00f2mica, dels aven\u00e7os tecnol\u00f2gics, de les renovacions industrials i de la transformaci\u00f3 digital.<\/span><\/p>\n

All\u00e0, a Am\u00e8rica, a la del nord, a s\u00f2l nord-americ\u00e0, s’il\u00b7luminen, conreen, mimen, animen i projecten investigacions que permeten a la humanitat anar a m\u00e9s. Per alguna cosa, els Estats Units \u00e9s la primera pot\u00e8ncia econ\u00f2mica mundial, amb un PIB el 2019 superior a 19,1 bilions d’euros, per davant de la Uni\u00f3 Europa dels 27, amb un PIB de 13,9 bilions, i de la Xina, amb un PIB de 13,3 bilions. Per\u00f2 hi ha alguna cosa m\u00e9s que catapulta als Estats Units com a motor indiscutible del desenvolupament de la ci\u00e8ncia. No \u00e9s casualitat, doncs, que els Estats Units acumulin fins a la data 382 Premis Nobel, ni que destinin anualment gaireb\u00e9 el 3% del seu PIB a esfor\u00e7 en recerca i desenvolupament, m\u00e9s de 532.000 milions d’euros, una miqueta per sobre d’Espanya, que destina l’1,2%, \u00e9s a dir, 14.907.000 d’euros. Aqu\u00ed estan els Estats Units, reconstruint-se, salvant i marcant estil; aqu\u00ed, aquesta la nostra Espanya, llevat que es posi remei, en enderroc econ\u00f2mic…<\/p>\n

Interrogants a la Seguretat Social<\/span><\/h3>\n

Una de les preocupacions que aquests dies afligeix \u200b\u200ba la ciutadania \u00e9s si els n\u00fameros de la Seguretat Social<\/strong> aguantaran. La forta despesa social que, arran dels “divendres socials” i els “dimarts generosos”, ja de per si anava grimpant en una conjuntura com l’ex davant la Covid-19, ara, en les actuals circumst\u00e0ncies, s’aguditzar\u00e0. Al 2019, les cotitzacions socials van sumar 150.000 milions d’euros, 11.000 milions m\u00e9s que al 2018 (139.000 milions). Si b\u00e9 la for\u00e7a laboral productiva va cr\u00e9ixer al 2019, bona part del perqu\u00e8 de l’augment resideix en les pujades de les cotitzacions. Aix\u00ed que, en total, els fons de la Seguretat Social van ingressar el 2019 167.000 milions d’euros, insuficients per cobrir els 183.000 milions de despeses, el que va foradar novament els comptes de la Seguretat Social que va tenir un d\u00e8ficit de 16.000 milions d’euros. La motxilla de d\u00e8ficit acumulat per la Seguretat Social des del 2011 fins al 2019 pesa 115.414.000 d’euros amb signe negatiu. Per tant, aqu\u00ed est\u00e0 l’erupci\u00f3 deficit\u00e0ria d’un dels volcans dels nostres comptes p\u00fablics.<\/span><\/p>\n

Quines previsions hi ha per al 2020, segons el Programa d’Estabilitat<\/strong>? La recaptaci\u00f3 per cotitzacions socials, atenent els n\u00fameros formulats pel Govern, s’estima en 151.000 milions d’euros. Ara b\u00e9, el misteri \u00e9s a quant pujaran les prestacions socials a c\u00e0rrec de la Seguretat Social, perqu\u00e8 la suma total de prestacions socials per a 2020, segons el Programa d’Estabilitat<\/strong>, arriba als 197.000 milions d’euros. Quina quantitat, d’aquest import, corre per compte de la Seguretat Social? El forat de 2020 ser\u00e0 hist\u00f2ric.<\/p>\n

El silenci dels anyells<\/span><\/h3>\n
\"Dr.

Dr. Jos\u00e9 Mar\u00eda Gay de Li\u00e9bana<\/p><\/div>\n

L’economia espanyola cada vegada sembla m\u00e9s una pira funer\u00e0ria, i cada vegada que algun membre del Govern parla, no nom\u00e9s deixa anar una puntada despietada a l’economia espanyola, sin\u00f3 que enc\u00e9n la metxa perqu\u00e8 el foc encengui la pira de la nostra economia. Fa l’efecte que, des de les esferes governamentals, es vol arrasar la nostra economia productiva, conduint a la fallida a empreses i aut\u00f2noms, fent que tot d\u00e9u visqui subsidiat per l’Estat i desembocant, no en una economia intervinguda, com ara, sin\u00f3 en una economia sovietitzada. Qu\u00e8 \u00e9s sin\u00f3 derogar la reforma laboral i donar p\u00e0bul a l’atur a mansalva?<\/span><\/p>\n

Els avals de l’Estat a les empreses no flueixen. Diners d’ERTO que no arriben. L’empobriment de la poblaci\u00f3, petits empresaris, aut\u00f2noms i treballadors, s’aguditza. Muntanyes de pietat amb activitat fren\u00e8tica per l’allau d’obstinacions a canvi d’un pr\u00e9stec. Cues de la fam a l’Espanya de la Uni\u00f3 Europea i de la zona euro. Al sector tur\u00edstic se li humilia: quarantena, que si \u00e9s un sector deplorable… Ni una sola ajuda a un sector, el tur\u00edstic, que d\u00f3na feina a gaireb\u00e9 tres milions de persones i mou 170.000 milions d’euros, actuant com a tractor de la nostra economia. A l’hostaleria se l’envia a la desaparici\u00f3. Al comer\u00e7 se li prohibeix fer rebaixes, enfonsant-lo en la mis\u00e8ria. S’investiga a agricultors per esclavitud i maltractaments. I tot i que l’empresa agonitzi, es prohibeix acomiadar.<\/span><\/p>\n

\n

L’intervencionisme de l’economia espanyola, negant el pa i la sal a les nostres empreses, \u00e9s absolut. De rematada, pujades d’impostos, en ple enfonsament econ\u00f2mic, per donar el cop de gr\u00e0cia. Per\u00f2 aqu\u00ed hi ha la docilitat dels espanyols que aguanten estoicament, sense dir ni ase ni b\u00e8stia. El silenci dels anyells, i Espanya caient al m\u00e9s profund dels abismes.<\/span><\/p>\n<\/div>\n","protected":false},"excerpt":{"rendered":"

Jos\u00e9 Mar\u00eda Gay de Li\u00e9bana Professor de la Facultat d’Economia i Empresa de la Universitat de Barcelona Acad\u00e8mic de n\u00famero de la Reial Acad\u00e8mia Europea de Doctors-Barcelona 1914 (RAED) Desitjant El nostre Govern est\u00e0 desitjant fervent i entusiasta que l’economia espanyola i les nostres empreses recobrin el seu ple vigor, encara que ho dissimuli amena\u00e7ant, […]<\/p>\n","protected":false},"author":12,"featured_media":89634,"comment_status":"open","ping_status":"closed","sticky":false,"template":"","format":"standard","meta":{"_et_pb_use_builder":"","_et_pb_old_content":"","_et_gb_content_width":"","footnotes":""},"categories":[268,274],"tags":[],"class_list":["post-91302","post","type-post","status-publish","format-standard","has-post-thumbnail","hentry","category-coronavirus-des-del-coneixement","category-economia-i-politica","et-has-post-format-content","et_post_format-et-post-format-standard"],"yoast_head":"\nEconomia i coronavirus (7) - Reial Acad\u00e8mia Europea de Doctors<\/title>\n<meta name=\"description\" content=\"Jos\u00e9 M\u00aa Gay de Li\u00e9bana analitza l'actual situaci\u00f3 d'Espanya pel que fa a l'Economia: la Seguretat Social, l'ocupaci\u00f3, el d\u00e8ficit, ...\" \/>\n<meta name=\"robots\" content=\"index, follow, max-snippet:-1, max-image-preview:large, max-video-preview:-1\" \/>\n<link rel=\"canonical\" href=\"https:\/\/raed.academy\/ca\/economia-i-coronavirus-jose-maria-gay-de-liebana-2\/\" \/>\n<meta property=\"og:locale\" content=\"ca_ES\" \/>\n<meta property=\"og:type\" content=\"article\" \/>\n<meta property=\"og:title\" content=\"Economia i coronavirus (7) - 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