{"id":188767,"date":"2026-08-12T12:53:34","date_gmt":"2026-08-12T12:53:34","guid":{"rendered":"https:\/\/raed.academy\/?p=188767"},"modified":"2026-08-12T13:37:45","modified_gmt":"2026-08-12T13:37:45","slug":"fets-que-van-marcar-la-historia-i-la-consciencia-despanya","status":"publish","type":"post","link":"https:\/\/raed.academy\/ca\/fets-que-van-marcar-la-historia-i-la-consciencia-despanya\/","title":{"rendered":"Fets que van marcar la hist\u00f2ria i la consci\u00e8ncia d’Espanya"},"content":{"rendered":"
\"Francisco

Dr. Francisco L\u00f3pez Mu\u00f1oz<\/p><\/div>\n

Francisco L\u00f3pez Mu\u00f1oz<\/strong><\/em><\/a>, catedr\u00e0tic de Farmacologia i vicerector de Recerca, Ci\u00e8ncia i Doctorat de la Universitat Camilo Jos\u00e9 Cela<\/strong>, acad\u00e8mic corresponent de la Reial Acad\u00e8mia de Medicina del Pa\u00eds Basc<\/strong> i d’altres acad\u00e8mies nacionals i internacionals i acad\u00e8mic de n\u00famero de la Reial Acad\u00e8mia Europea de Doctors<\/strong> (RAED), aborda destacats esdeveniments hist\u00f2rics que van marcar la hist\u00f2ria d’Espanya als articles “Los Galindos: anatom\u00eda de un fracaso institucional. Lecciones criminol\u00f3gicas, judiciales y victimol\u00f3gicas medio siglo despu\u00e9s”<\/strong>, que firma al costat de Francisco P\u00e9rez Fern\u00e1ndez<\/strong>, professor de Psicologia Criminal i Hist\u00f2ria de la Psicologia de la Universitat Camilo Jos\u00e9 Cela a l’\u00faltim n\u00famero de “Logos”<\/strong>, revista cient\u00edfica de l’Escola de la Gu\u00e0rdia Civil<\/strong>; “Henry Morgan: de contumaz corsario a fiel caballero azote de piratas”<\/strong>, publicat tamb\u00e9 al costat de P\u00e9rez Fern\u00e1ndez a l’\u00faltim lliurament de la s\u00e8rie “Piratas y corsarios”<\/strong> de “Proa a la Mar”<\/strong>, revista de la Reial Lliga Naval Espanyola<\/strong>, i “El atentado terrorista de la plaza de la Rep\u00fablica Dominicana contra la Guardia Civil y el cambio de paradigma en la lucha contra ETA”<\/strong>, aparegut a la secci\u00f3 d’efem\u00e8rides que publica l’Acad\u00e8mia de les Ci\u00e8ncies i les Arts Militars<\/strong>, de la qual \u00e9s membre corresponent.<\/p>\n

A “Los Galindos: anatom\u00eda de un fracaso institucional. Lecciones criminol\u00f3gicas, judiciales y victimol\u00f3gicas medio siglo despu\u00e9s”, L\u00f3pez Mu\u00f1oz i P\u00e9rez Fern\u00e1ndez analitzen un dels casos m\u00e9s foscos i medi\u00e0tics de l’Espanya tardofranquista: el qu\u00edntuple homicidi del cortijo Los Galindos, ocorregut a Parades, Sevilla, el 1975. Un cas que la just\u00edcia va tancar en fals davant l’acumulaci\u00f3 d’errors estructurals que van fer impossible reconstruir una veritat processal s\u00f2lida. L’article detalla com la contaminaci\u00f3 primerenca de l’escena del crim, l’abs\u00e8ncia de protocols criminal\u00edsticos b\u00e0sics, la discontinu\u00eftat en la instrucci\u00f3 judicial, les contradiccions entre aut\u00f2psies, la debilitat de la cadena de cust\u00f2dia i la proliferaci\u00f3 d’hip\u00f2tesi sense filtrat cient\u00edfic van desmantellar qualsevol possibilitat d’esclariment. A tot aix\u00f2 es va sumar un context pol\u00edtic i institucional marcat per estructures policials i judicials desactualitzades, certa polititzaci\u00f3 i un model d’investigaci\u00f3 encara ancorat en l\u00f2giques del passat.<\/p>\n

Per la seva part, a “Henry Morgan: de contumaz corsario a fiel caballero azote de piratas”, els dos experts aborden la figura del c\u00e8lebre aventurer gal\u00b7l\u00e8s que va passar de ser un dels bucaners m\u00e9s temuts del Carib a convertir-se en cavaller i tinent governador de Jamaica. Davant la q\u00fcesti\u00f3 de si era un criminal, assenyalen que la frontera entre corsari i pirata era difusa i depenia de la perspectiva pol\u00edtica. Per als brit\u00e0nics, operava amb patent oficial i era un heroi; per als espanyols, un pirata mereixedor de c\u00e0stig. Despr\u00e9s de les protestes espanyoles, Morgan va ser cridat a Anglaterra, per\u00f2 va acabar sent aclamat, nomenat cavaller el 1674 i convertit en alt funcionari colonial. Als seus \u00faltims anys es va dedicar a reprimir els bucaners que ell mateix havia comandat, va adquirir plantacions sucreres i va guanyar un judici per difamaci\u00f3 contra el cronista Alexandre Exquemelin<\/strong>. Va morir a Port Royal el 25 d’agost del 1688. Els autors subratllen com la seva vida il\u00b7lustra l’ambig\u00fcitat legal de l’\u00e8poca i com la seva figura va ser mitificada tant a la literatura com al cinema.<\/p>\n

\"\"Finalment, a “El atentado terrorista de la plaza de la Rep\u00fablica Dominicana contra la Guardia Civil y el cambio de paradigma en la lucha contra ETA”, l’acad\u00e8mic rememora un dels atemptats m\u00e9s greus i simb\u00f2lics de la hist\u00f2ria de la banda terrorista, que va causar la mort de 12 joves gu\u00e0rdies civils, d’edats compreses entre els 18 i els 25 anys, i va deixar gaireb\u00e9 80 ferits. “Els mitjans de comunicaci\u00f3 van descriure l’atemptat com una mostra de la capacitat operativa d’ETA<\/strong> a la segona meitat de la d\u00e8cada del 1980. Van subratllar l’extrema viol\u00e8ncia feta servir contra un objectiu compost majorit\u00e0riament per joves agents en formaci\u00f3, en una zona densament transitada de la capital, i el profund impacte emocional causat entre els ciutadans madrilenys. Des d’una perspectiva estrat\u00e8gica, l’atemptat va evidenciar l’evoluci\u00f3 t\u00e0ctica d’ETA cap a accions de gran impacte psicol\u00f2gic i propagand\u00edstic, sembrant inseguretat entre la poblaci\u00f3 i provant d’erosionar la confian\u00e7a de la societat en la capacitat protectora de l’Estat democr\u00e0tic. Tot i aix\u00f2, l’efecte obtingut va ser, en gran manera, el contrari, ja que la resposta social va estar marcada per multitudin\u00e0ries concentracions de repulsa, manifestacions de solidaritat amb les v\u00edctimes i un enfortiment del consens pol\u00edtic i democr\u00e0tic entorn de la necessitat d’a\u00efllar socialment i pol\u00edticament a l’organitzaci\u00f3 terrorista”, explica l’expert.<\/p>\n

Reconegut divulgador de la hist\u00f2ria contempor\u00e0nia, la literatura espanyola dels Segles d’Or i la medicina i farmacologia, L\u00f3pez Mu\u00f1oz \u00e9s doctor en Medicina i Cirurgia, en Llengua i Literatura Espanyoles i en Biomedicina i Farm\u00e0cia, especialista en Medicina Farmac\u00e8utica i diplomat en Estudis sobre l’Holocaust per l’Escola Internacional per als Estudis de l’Holocaust<\/strong> de Iad Vaixem, a Jerusalem. \u00c9s investigador de l’Institut de Recerca Hospital 12 d’Octubre<\/strong> de Madrid, membre del Consell Rector<\/strong> de l’Institut de Recarca Sanit\u00e0ria HM Hospitals<\/strong> i de l’Institut d’Estudis Medievals i del Segle d’Or Miguel de Cervantes<\/strong> de la Universitat d’Alcal\u00e1 de Henares<\/strong>, vocal del Consell de Ci\u00e8ncia i Tecnologia de la Comunitat de Madrid<\/strong>, assessor cient\u00edfic del Comit\u00e8 Iberoameric\u00e0 d’\u00c8tica i Bio\u00e8tica<\/strong>, membre del Comit\u00e8 d’Observaci\u00f3<\/strong> de l’Observatori de Drets Humans d’Espanya<\/strong>, del Cap\u00edtol Espanyol<\/strong> del Club de Roma<\/strong> i membre d’honor de la Fundaci\u00f3 Ghandi-Mandela<\/strong>. Ha participat en nombroses investigacions i \u00e9s autor de monografies i articles a les seves \u00e0rees d’investigaci\u00f3. Recentment ha estat nomenat de forma honor\u00edfica coronel de Kentucky i Gu\u00e0rdia Civil Honorari<\/strong>, coincidint amb el 25\u00e8 aniversari de la creaci\u00f3 d’aquesta figura, la m\u00e0xima distinci\u00f3 civil del cos, que s’atorga de forma excepcional, i el passat 20 de mar\u00e7 va ser reconegut amb la Medalla al\u00a0M\u00e8rit\u00a0en la\u00a0Ciberdefensa<\/strong> que atorga per l’Associaci\u00f3 Professional de P\u00e8rits de Noves Tecnologies<\/strong>.<\/p>\n

Llegiu “Los Galindos: anatom\u00eda de un fracaso institucional. Lecciones criminol\u00f3gicas, judiciales y victimol\u00f3gicas medio siglo despu\u00e9s”<\/a><\/em><\/h2>\n

Llegiu “Henry Morgan: de contumaz corsario a fiel caballero azote de piratas”<\/a><\/em><\/h2>\n

Llegiu “El atentado terrorista de la plaza de la Rep\u00fablica Dominicana contra la Guardia Civil y el cambio de paradigma en la lucha contra ETA”\u00a0<\/a><\/em><\/h2>\n","protected":false},"excerpt":{"rendered":"

Francisco L\u00f3pez Mu\u00f1oz aborda destacats esdeveniments hist\u00f2rics que van marcar la hist\u00f2ria d’Espanya als seus \u00faltims articles<\/p>\n","protected":false},"author":12,"featured_media":188788,"comment_status":"closed","ping_status":"closed","sticky":false,"template":"","format":"standard","meta":{"_et_pb_use_builder":"","_et_pb_old_content":"","_et_gb_content_width":"","footnotes":""},"categories":[225,242,404,506],"tags":[],"class_list":["post-188767","post","type-post","status-publish","format-standard","has-post-thumbnail","hentry","category-dret","category-categ-historia","category-historia-nacional-ca","category-medicina-legal-y-forense-ca","et-has-post-format-content","et_post_format-et-post-format-standard"],"yoast_head":"\nFets que van marcar la hist\u00f2ria i la consci\u00e8ncia d'Espanya - Reial Acad\u00e8mia Europea de Doctors<\/title>\n<meta name=\"description\" content=\"Francisco L\u00f3pez Mu\u00f1oz aborda destacats esdeveniments hist\u00f2rics que 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