{"id":182431,"date":"2026-03-27T10:47:45","date_gmt":"2026-03-27T10:47:45","guid":{"rendered":"https:\/\/raed.academy\/?p=182431"},"modified":"2026-03-27T10:47:45","modified_gmt":"2026-03-27T10:47:45","slug":"la-desproporcionalitat-del-repartiment-de-poder-a-espanya","status":"publish","type":"post","link":"https:\/\/raed.academy\/ca\/la-desproporcionalitat-del-repartiment-de-poder-a-espanya\/","title":{"rendered":"La desproporcionalitat del repartiment de poder a Espanya"},"content":{"rendered":"
\"Joaqu\u00edn

Dr. Joaqu\u00edn Bautista-Valhondo<\/p><\/div>\n

Joaqu\u00edn Bautista-Valhondo<\/strong><\/em><\/a>, catedr\u00e0tic de l’Escola T\u00e8cnica Superior d’Enginyeria Industrial de Barcelona<\/strong> de la Universitat Polit\u00e8cnica de Catalunya<\/strong> i acad\u00e8mic de n\u00famero de la Reial Acad\u00e8mia Europea de Doctors<\/strong> (RAED) i president de la seva Secci\u00f3 de Ci\u00e8ncies Tecnol\u00f2giques, aborda la representativitat parlament\u00e0ria a diverses comunitats aut\u00f2nomes espanyoles als articles “Data Set: <\/span>CyL<\/span><\/strong>\/2026.T1 sobre el reparto de esca\u00f1os entre circunscripciones en las Cortes de Castilla y Le\u00f3n (Legislatura 2026-2030)”<\/strong>, “Data Set: ARA\/2026.T1 sobre el reparto de esca\u00f1os entre circunscripciones en las Cortes de Arag\u00f3n (Legislatura 2026-2030)”<\/strong> i “Data Set: CAT\/2024.T1 sobre el reparto de esca\u00f1os entre circunscripciones en el Parlamento de Catalu\u00f1a (Legislatura 2024-2028)”<\/strong><\/span><\/span>, recollits per la C\u00e0tedra d’Organitzaci\u00f3 Industrial Prothius<\/strong> de la Universitat Polit\u00e8cnica de Catalunya. L’acad\u00e8mic va publicar recentment a la revista “Direcci\u00f3n y Organizaci\u00f3n”<\/strong><\/span><\/span>, editada per l’Associaci\u00f3 per al Desenvolupament de l’Enginyeria de l’Organitzaci\u00f3<\/strong>, l’article “An\u00e1lisis de la desproporcionalidad del reparto de poder entre territorios. Caso del Parlamento de Catalu\u00f1a”<\/strong><\/span><\/span>, en el qual tamb\u00e9 analitzava la representaci\u00f3 de la ciutadania catalana a la cambra auton\u00f2mica segons el model electoral vigent, distribu\u00eft a les quatre circumscripcions que corresponen a les seves quatre prov\u00edncies.<\/p>\n

L’expert presenta els resultats que ofereix l’aplicaci\u00f3 de vuit m\u00e8todes diferents de distribuci\u00f3 d’escons (Hamilton, Adams, Dean, Hill, Webster, Jefferson, model belga i model minimax-[e]). Al cas del parlament catal\u00e0, incideix que l’actual sistema de repartiment d’escons genera una desproporcionalitat territorial notable que afavoreix a les prov\u00edncies m\u00e9s petites en detriment de Barcelona. La quota proporcional que correspondria a cada territori \u00e9s de 99,1 escons dels 135 a Barcelona, 14,45 a Tarragona, 13,84 a Girona i 7,61 a Lleida. Tot i aix\u00f2, la llei vigent assigna 85 escons a Barcelona, 18 a Tarragona, 17 a Girona i 15 a Lleida. \u00c9s a dir, la prov\u00edncia m\u00e9s poblada perd al voltant de 14 escons respecte al que li correspondria per poblaci\u00f3, mentre que les tres m\u00e9s petites surten clarament beneficiades. L’autor tamb\u00e9 presenta s\u00e8ries hist\u00f2riques des del 1981 fins al 2024 que mostren com aquesta desproporcionalitat s’ha mantingut o fins i tot agreujat amb el temps, especialment a favor de les prov\u00edncies de Girona, Tarragona i Lleida.<\/p>\n

A l’article dedicat a les Corts de Castella i Lle\u00f3, Bautista-Valhondo conclou que el sistema electoral genera una desproporcionalitat territorial significativa que beneficia les prov\u00edncies m\u00e9s petites i penalitza clarament Valladolid. En aquest cas, la quota proporcional d’escons que correspondria a cada prov\u00edncia \u00e9s de 18,08 a Valladolid, de 15,27 a Lle\u00f3, de 12,36 a Burgos, d’11,24 a Salamanca, de 5,65 a Zamora, de 5,47 a \u00c0vila, de 5,43 a Pal\u00e8ncia, de 5,42 a Seg\u00f2via i de 3,08 a S\u00f2ria. Tot i aix\u00f2, la llei Electoral de Castella i Lle\u00f3 assigna actualment 15 escons a Valladolid, 13 a Lle\u00f3, 11 a Burgos, 10 a Salamanca, 7 a Zamora, \u00c0vila, Pal\u00e8ncia i Seg\u00f2via, i 5 a S\u00f2ria. Aix\u00f2 suposa que Valladolid perd uns tres escons respecte al seu pes poblacional, mentre que les prov\u00edncies m\u00e9s petites (especialment S\u00f2ria, Zamora, \u00c0vila i Pal\u00e8ncia) surten clarament afavorides.<\/p>\n

\"\"

Ministeri de la Presid\u00e8ncia. Govern d’Espanya<\/a>, via Wikimedia Commons. Document font de 3 de febrer de 2020.<\/p><\/div>\n

Finalment, al cas d’Arag\u00f3, la quota estrictament proporcional d’escons que correspondria a cada una de les tres prov\u00edncies seria: Saragossa, 49,04; Osca, 11,31 i Terol, 6,66. Tot i aix\u00f2, la llei electoral vigent assigna 35 escons a Saragossa, 18 a Osca i 14 a Terol per a un total de 67 procuradors. Aix\u00f2 suposa que la prov\u00edncia m\u00e9s poblada perd gaireb\u00e9 14 escons respecte al seu pes demogr\u00e0fic, mentre que Osca i Terol surten fortament sobrerepresentades. Els tres articles estan disponibles al repositori Futur<\/strong> de la Universitat Polit\u00e8cnica de Catalunya i al web de Prothius.<\/p>\n

Baptista-Valhondo \u00e9s autor de monografies com “Modelos y Herramientas de Decisi\u00f3n”<\/strong>, “Teor\u00eda de Juegos en entornos competitivo y colaborativo”<\/strong>, “Metaheur\u00edsticas en Ingenier\u00eda”<\/strong> i “Planificaci\u00f3n de proyectos de ingenier\u00eda”<\/strong>, quatre obres de refer\u00e8ncia a la seva mat\u00e8ria editades pel segell Dextra Editorial i l’Associaci\u00f3 per al Desenvolupament de l’Enginyeria d’Organitzaci\u00f3. Tot i que els quatre llibres estan adre\u00e7ats principalment a un p\u00fablic introdu\u00eft, el to divulgatiu en el qual estan escrits els fa accessibles a qualsevol interessat en els temes que aborden.<\/p>\n","protected":false},"excerpt":{"rendered":"

Joaqu\u00edn Bautista-Valhondo aborda, en els seus darrers articles, la representativitat parlament\u00e0ria a diverses comunitats aut\u00f2nomes espanyoles<\/p>\n","protected":false},"author":12,"featured_media":182347,"comment_status":"closed","ping_status":"closed","sticky":false,"template":"","format":"standard","meta":{"_et_pb_use_builder":"","_et_pb_old_content":"","_et_gb_content_width":"","footnotes":""},"categories":[350,225,242,404,481],"tags":[],"class_list":["post-182431","post","type-post","status-publish","format-standard","has-post-thumbnail","hentry","category-ciencies-politiques","category-dret","category-categ-historia","category-historia-nacional-ca","category-sociologia-ca","et-has-post-format-content","et_post_format-et-post-format-standard"],"yoast_head":"\nLa desproporcionalitat del repartiment de poder a Espanya - Reial Acad\u00e8mia Europea de Doctors<\/title>\n<meta name=\"description\" content=\"Joaqu\u00edn Bautista-Valhondo aborda la representativitat 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