{"id":179939,"date":"2026-02-06T10:10:12","date_gmt":"2026-02-06T10:10:12","guid":{"rendered":"https:\/\/raed.academy\/?p=179939"},"modified":"2026-02-11T15:08:11","modified_gmt":"2026-02-11T15:08:11","slug":"plasticosi","status":"publish","type":"post","link":"https:\/\/raed.academy\/ca\/plasticosi\/","title":{"rendered":"Plasticosi"},"content":{"rendered":"
\"August

Dr. August Corominas<\/p><\/div>\n

August Corominas<\/strong><\/em><\/a>, professor de Fisiologia Humana de la Universitat de M\u00farcia<\/strong> i de la Universitat Aut\u00f2noma de Barcelona<\/strong> i acad\u00e8mic em\u00e8rit de la Reial Acad\u00e8mia Europea de Doctors<\/strong> (RAED), comparteix amb la comunitat acad\u00e8mica l’article “Plasticosi”<\/strong>, on presenta una nova realitat marcada per l’omnipres\u00e8ncia d’un material que ha marcat l’evoluci\u00f3 de l’\u00e9sser hum\u00e0 des del segle XX i que suposa un dels grans desafiaments per al medi ambient. L’acad\u00e8mic ha compartit recentment en aquesta publicaci\u00f3 els articles Els secrets de la longevitat i les ‘zones blaves’<\/strong><\/a>, “Atenci\u00f3 a les caigudes, de nit i de dia”<\/strong><\/a>,\u00a0“La bona vida i la vida bona”<\/strong><\/a>, “Vida biol\u00f2gica i Vida Qu\u00e0ntica”<\/strong><\/a>, “Hospitals intel\u00b7ligents”<\/strong><\/a>, “Cosmon\u00e0utica i medicina espacial”<\/strong><\/a>, “El maltractament i la seva gesti\u00f3”<\/strong><\/a>, “Biologia qu\u00e0ntica”<\/strong><\/a>, “El negre de Banyoles (boixim\u00e0 o hotentot)”<\/strong><\/a>, “Polidact\u00edlia”<\/strong><\/a>, “Adolesc\u00e8ncia, edat cr\u00edtica de la vida humana”<\/strong><\/a>, “Les sirenes, il\u00b7lusi\u00f3 de navegants i homes de mar”<\/strong><\/a>, “Alimentaci\u00f3 b\u00edblica: aliments purs i aliments impurs”<\/strong><\/a>,\u00a0“Els fam\u00e8lics de Gaza”<\/strong><\/a>, “Sexologia a l’adolesc\u00e8ncia i a la somatopausa: (andropausa i menopausa)<\/strong><\/a>, “Ciberatacs, ciberguerra i ciberseguretat”<\/strong><\/a>, “Refugiats”<\/strong><\/a>, “La maldat humana”<\/strong><\/a> i “Geoestrat\u00e8gia de les terres rares”<\/strong><\/a> i “Consci\u00e8ncia i omissi\u00f3: la mis\u00e8ria del governant”<\/strong><\/a>. A m\u00e9s \u00e9s autor d’un dels cap\u00edtols del llibre “Vitalidad al envejecer. Si lo deseas, puedes vivir m\u00e1s a\u00f1os con salud”<\/strong>, editat per la Reial Corporaci\u00f3 amb el suport de Vichy Catal\u00e1n<\/strong>.<\/p>\n

Plasticosi<\/h2>\n

Plasticosi \u00e9s un terme emergent que descriu una malaltia o condici\u00f3 patol\u00f2gica causada per l’acumulaci\u00f3 de micropl\u00e0stics i nanopl\u00e0stics en els teixits dels \u00e9ssers vius, especialment a animals marins i aus, tot i que tamb\u00e9 \u00e9s motiu de creixent preocupaci\u00f3 en humans.<\/p>\n

1) Qu\u00e8 s\u00f3n els pl\u00e0stics?<\/h3>\n

Els pl\u00e0stics s\u00f3n materials sint\u00e8tics fets principalment de pol\u00edmers derivats de petroli (encara que alguns poden ser parcialment biobasats). Tenen cadenes llargues de mol\u00e8cules que els donen versatilitat, per\u00f2 tamb\u00e9 gran durabilitat ambiental.<\/p>\n

Tipus de pl\u00e0stics (segons composici\u00f3 qu\u00edmica).\u00a0Entre\u00a0els m\u00e9s comuns es troben:<\/p>\n

    \n
  • Polietil\u00e8 (PE): borses, envasos, etc.<\/li>\n
  • Polipropil\u00e8 (PP): tapes, t\u00e8xtils t\u00e8cnics, etc.<\/li>\n
  • Poliestir\u00e8 (PS): envasos r\u00edgids, escuma, tapes.<\/li>\n
  • Policlorur de vinil (PVC): canonades, revestiments.<\/li>\n
  • PET (Tereftalat de polietil\u00e8): ampolles, fibres t\u00e8xtils.<\/li>\n
  • Altres\u00a0com\u00a0poli\u00e8sters, poliuretans, nil\u00f3.<\/li>\n<\/ul>\n

    Aquests pol\u00edmers s\u00f3n els que amb m\u00e9s freq\u00fc\u00e8ncia es fragmenten en part\u00edcules petites a l’ambient.<\/p>\n

    2) Qu\u00e8 s\u00f3n micropl\u00e0stics i nanopl\u00e0stics?<\/h3>\n

    Segons la mida:<\/p>\n

      \n
    • Micropl\u00e0stics (MPs). Part\u00edcules s\u00f2lides de 0.1 \u00b5m fins a 5 mm. (acsa.gencat.cat)<\/li>\n
    • Nanopl\u00e0stics (NPs). Part\u00edcules encara m\u00e9s petites, de 0.001 a 0.1\u00a0\u00b5m\u00a0(1 a 100 nm). (acsa.gencat.cat)<\/li>\n<\/ul>\n

      Micropl\u00e0stics i nanopl\u00e0stics es formen de dues maneres:<\/p>\n

        \n
      • Primaris: fabricats deliberadament d\u2019aquella mida (microperles en cosm\u00e8tics, pellets industrials). (Viquip\u00e8dia<\/strong>)<\/li>\n
      • Secundaris: fragmentaci\u00f3 de residus pl\u00e0stics m\u00e9s grans per llum solar, vent i abrasi\u00f3. (acsa.gencat.cat)<\/li>\n<\/ul>\n

        3) Qu\u00e8 \u00e9s la plasticosi?<\/h3>\n

        El terme plasticosi s’utilitza de vegades en mitjans i estudis per descriure la contaminaci\u00f3 cr\u00f2nica causada per pl\u00e0stics, en particular per micro i nanopl\u00e0stics que s’acumulen als organismes i ecosistemes, provocant efectes adversos. No \u00e9s un terme t\u00e8cnic est\u00e0ndard, sin\u00f3 m\u00e9s aviat una forma de denominar el fenomen generalitzat de pol\u00b7luci\u00f3 pl\u00e0stica. Aquest problema inclou:<\/p>\n

          \n
        • Pres\u00e8ncia de pl\u00e0stics a l\u2019aigua, aire, terra i aliments.<\/li>\n
        • Integraci\u00f3 en la cadena tr\u00f2fica.<\/li>\n
        • Potencial mal biol\u00f2gic a causa de la seva penetraci\u00f3 en teixits. (Reddit<\/strong>)<\/li>\n<\/ul>\n

          4) Quanta quantitat de pl\u00e0stic hi ha a la biosfera?<\/h3>\n

          \"\"Tot i que \u00e9s dif\u00edcil mesurar amb precisi\u00f3 tot el pl\u00e0stic de la biosfera (el conjunt de tots els ecosistemes del planeta), hi ha estimacions globals molt altes. Cada any es produeixen m\u00e9s de 400 milions de tones de pl\u00e0stic al m\u00f3n. Nom\u00e9s entorn d’un 9% es recicla i la resta acaba en abocadors, incineraci\u00f3 o a l’ambient (news.climate.columbia.edu). El pl\u00e0stic triga desenes a milers d’anys en degradar-se, per la qual cosa s’acumula. (allatra.org)<\/p>\n

          Als oceans hi ha milers de milions de micropl\u00e0stics, incloent-hi estimacions com 51 bilions de part\u00edcules flotant a la superf\u00edcie. (Viquip\u00e8dia) En zones profundes com la fossa de les Marianes s’han reportat fins a 13.500 micropl\u00e0stics per metre c\u00fabic d’aigua. (Cadena Ser<\/strong>)<\/p>\n

          Segons escenaris de creixement “business as usual” (sense reducci\u00f3 significativa de residus), els rebutjos pl\u00e0stics que arriben a ecosistemes podrien duplicar-se o triplicar-se en les pr\u00f2ximes d\u00e8cades. (allatra.org)<\/p>\n

          5) Per qu\u00e8 els micropl\u00e0stics i nanopl\u00e0stics importen?<\/h3>\n

          Els pl\u00e0stics de petita mida poden entrar en teixits i c\u00e8l\u00b7lules d\u2019animals i humans (People.com), ser ingerits per organismes marins, acumulant-se a la cadena aliment\u00e0ria (Viquip\u00e8dia) i ser presents fins i tot a \u00f2rgans humans i fluids biol\u00f2gics segons alguns estudis. (“El Pa\u00eds”<\/strong>)<\/p>\n

          Resum r\u00e0pid:<\/h3>\n
            \n
          • Pl\u00e0stics: materials molt utilitzats i duradors, dif\u00edcils de degradar. (Publicacions de l’ACS<\/strong>)<\/li>\n
          • Micropl\u00e0stics: part\u00edcules de 0.1 \u00b5m a 5 mm. (acsa.gencat.cat)<\/li>\n
          • Nanopl\u00e0stics: part\u00edcules <0.1 <U[\u00b5m]>. (acsa.gencat.cat)<\/li>\n
          • Plasticosi: concepte general de contaminaci\u00f3 pl\u00e0stica persistent. (Reddit)<\/li>\n
          • La biosfera est\u00e0 saturada de pl\u00e0stic i continuar\u00e0 augmentant si no es canvia el model de producci\u00f3 i gesti\u00f3. (news.climate.columbia.edu)<\/li>\n<\/ul>\n","protected":false},"excerpt":{"rendered":"

            August Corominas introdueix la ‘plasticosi’, un terme emergent que descriu una malaltia o condici\u00f3 patol\u00f2gica causada per l’acumulaci\u00f3 de micropl\u00e0stics i nanopl\u00e0stics en els teixits dels \u00e9ssers vius, especialment en animals marins i aus, encara que tamb\u00e9 \u00e9s motiu de preocupaci\u00f3 creixent en humans<\/p>\n","protected":false},"author":12,"featured_media":179887,"comment_status":"closed","ping_status":"closed","sticky":false,"template":"","format":"standard","meta":{"_et_pb_use_builder":"","_et_pb_old_content":"","_et_gb_content_width":"","footnotes":""},"categories":[247,332,455,233,310,213,506],"tags":[],"class_list":["post-179939","post","type-post","status-publish","format-standard","has-post-thumbnail","hentry","category-antropologia-ca","category-biologia-ca","category-ciencies-de-la-salut","category-economiques-i-empresarials","category-medi-ambient","category-medicina-i-cirurgia","category-medicina-legal-y-forense-ca","et-has-post-format-content","et_post_format-et-post-format-standard"],"yoast_head":"\nPlasticosi - 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