{"id":179596,"date":"2026-01-30T10:09:05","date_gmt":"2026-01-30T10:09:05","guid":{"rendered":"https:\/\/raed.academy\/?p=179596"},"modified":"2026-02-02T14:52:40","modified_gmt":"2026-02-02T14:52:40","slug":"la-nova-piramide-alimentaria-dels-estats-units","status":"publish","type":"post","link":"https:\/\/raed.academy\/ca\/la-nova-piramide-alimentaria-dels-estats-units\/","title":{"rendered":"La nova pir\u00e0mide aliment\u00e0ria dels Estats Units"},"content":{"rendered":"
\"Dr.

Dr. Rafael Urrialde<\/p><\/div>\n

Rafael Urrialde<\/strong><\/em><\/a>, professor del\u00a0Departament\u00a0de\u00a0Gen\u00e8tica,\u00a0Fisiologia\u00a0i\u00a0Microbiologia\u00a0de la\u00a0Universitat\u00a0Complutense\u00a0de Madrid<\/strong> i del\u00a0Departament\u00a0de\u00a0Ci\u00e8ncies\u00a0Farmac\u00e8utiques\u00a0i de la\u00a0Salut\u00a0de la\u00a0Universitat\u00a0CEU-San Pablo<\/strong>, president de la\u00a0Comissi\u00f3\u00a0Cient\u00edfica<\/strong> de la\u00a0Societat Espanyola de Medicina de l’Esport<\/strong>, secretari de la\u00a0Fundaci\u00f3\u00a0Espanyola\u00a0de\u00a0Nutrici\u00f3<\/strong>, acad\u00e8mic d’honor de l’Acad\u00e8mia Espanyola de Nutrici\u00f3 i Ci\u00e8ncies de l’Alimentaci\u00f3<\/strong> i acad\u00e8mic de n\u00famero i vicepresident de la Reial Acad\u00e8mia Europea de Doctors<\/strong> (RAED), reflexiona al costat d’Emilio Mart\u00ednez de Victoria<\/strong>, catedr\u00e0tic em\u00e8rit de Fisiologia de la Universitat de Granada<\/strong> i membre del Comit\u00e8 Cient\u00edfic<\/strong> de la Fundaci\u00f3 Iberoamericana de Nutrici\u00f3<\/strong>, sobre la nova pir\u00e0mide invertida establerta a les Guies Aliment\u00e0ries<\/strong> que elabora el Departament d’Agricultura dels Estats Units<\/strong> a l’article “Paradigma de las gu\u00edas alimentarias para los estadounidenses”<\/strong>, publicat el passat 21 de gener al portal especialitzat K\u00f3moda News<\/strong>.<\/p>\n

Per ambd\u00f3s experts, les discrep\u00e0ncies que existeixen entre aquest nou grafisme i representacions i consells anteriors suposen un clar exemple de la separaci\u00f3 entre l’avaluaci\u00f3 del risc, basada en evid\u00e8ncia cient\u00edfica, i la gesti\u00f3 del risc, realitzada per les secretaries de salut i agricultura amb criteris pol\u00edtics. “Un dels aspectes m\u00e9s destacats de la nova pir\u00e0mide, a part d’incloure pres\u00e8ncia o abs\u00e8ncia d’aliments i no, en canvi, la representativitat d’aliments i begudes per recomanaci\u00f3 de freq\u00fc\u00e8ncia de consum per racions setmana, \u00e9s que els criteris d’elecci\u00f3 han estat similars pel que fa a la distribuci\u00f3, ja que, a tots dos casos (plat i nova pir\u00e0mide), prioritzen prote\u00efnes, fruites i vegetals i cereals de gra incloent fruits secs i oli vegetal. Per la seva part, els aspectes m\u00e9s rellevants diferencials serien els lactis, presents a la pir\u00e0mide i no en anteriors recomanacions, i l’aigua, que es planteja a l’inrev\u00e9s”, assenyalen Urrialde i Mart\u00ednez de Victoria.<\/p>\n

La informaci\u00f3 cient\u00edfica mant\u00e9 un patr\u00f3 general de refer\u00e8ncia cal\u00f2rica de 2.000 quilocalories per persona i detalla recomanacions espec\u00edfiques: verdures amb 2,5 racions di\u00e0ries distribu\u00efdes per colors i amb menor \u00e8mfasi en hortalisses feculentes; fruites tamb\u00e9 en 2,5 racions prioritzant la fruita sencera davant els sucs, i cereals al voltant de 170 grams al dia amb una prefer\u00e8ncia clara pels integrals. Pel que fa als lactis, afavoreix productes desnatats o baixos en greix i sense sucres afegits, a difer\u00e8ncia del resum executiu i del gr\u00e0fic de la pir\u00e0mide, que inclouen productes amb llet sencera, a m\u00e9s de begudes vegetals fortificades. Pel que fa a les prote\u00efnes, el consens cient\u00edfic recomana aproximadament 740 grams per setmana, distribu\u00efdes entre carns, aus i ous, peix i mariscos, llegums, fruits secs llavors i soja, i assenyala que les fonts vegetals haurien de guanyar protagonisme mentre es redueix el consum de carns vermelles i productes carnis processats, al contrari que la pir\u00e0mide. I pel que fa als greixos, se suggereix prioritzar olis rics en \u00e0cids grassos insaturats com els d’oliva, canola i soja, similar a les recomanacions de la dieta mediterr\u00e0nia, limitant els greixos saturats s\u00f2lids com a mantega o margarina.<\/p>\n

\"\"Els autors, tot i aix\u00f2, destaquen algunes fortaleses del nou grafisme, com ara l’\u00e8mfasi en fruites i verdures, la prefer\u00e8ncia per grans integrals i la reducci\u00f3 de sucres i sal. Tot i aix\u00ed, critiquen que el fort refor\u00e7 del consum de prote\u00efnes pot mancar de solidesa cient\u00edfica, ja que gran part de la poblaci\u00f3 ja cobreix \u00e0mpliament les seves necessitats proteiques, i que la fibra, malgrat la seva import\u00e0ncia, rep menys atenci\u00f3 de l’esperada. A m\u00e9s, assenyalen com a vistosa la perman\u00e8ncia de la recomanaci\u00f3 de greixos saturats, com les de les carns vermelles, que aporten tamb\u00e9 colesterol exogen. L’article inclou a m\u00e9s una petita enquesta entre professionals de la salut i la nutrici\u00f3 que reflecteix que molts consideren que la nova pir\u00e0mide podria generar confusi\u00f3 en mostrar nom\u00e9s la qualitat nutricional sense indicar amb claredat freq\u00fc\u00e8ncia o quantitat de consum.<\/p>\n

Reconegut expert en la regulaci\u00f3 aliment\u00e0ria, Urrialde \u00e9s autor i coautor de publicacions cient\u00edfiques relacionades amb l’educaci\u00f3 nutricional. Va ser cap de Salut i Seguretat Aliment\u00e0ria a Puleva Food<\/strong>, director de l’\u00c0rea de Sanitat i Alimentaci\u00f3 en la Uni\u00f3 de Consumidors d’Espanya<\/strong>, coordinador t\u00e8cnic de la revista “Ciudadano”<\/strong>, director de Salut i Nutrici\u00f3 de Coca-Cola Iberia<\/strong>, t\u00e8cnic d’an\u00e0lisi de l’Institut del Fred<\/strong> del Consell Superior d’Investigacions Cient\u00edfiques<\/strong> i col\u00b7laborador de la C\u00e0tedra de Fisiologia Vegetal<\/strong> de la Facultat de Ci\u00e8ncies Biol\u00f2giques de la Universitat Complutense de Madrid. L’acad\u00e8mic forma part, a m\u00e9s, del Comit\u00e8 Editorial<\/strong> de K\u00f3moda News<\/strong>, un portal mereixedor del Premi a l’Excel\u00b7l\u00e8ncia en Relacions P\u00fabliques<\/strong> en la categoria “Lluita contra les ‘Fake News'” que atorga l’Associaci\u00f3 Internacional de Relacions P\u00fabliques<\/strong>.<\/p>\n

Llegiu l’article<\/a><\/h2>\n","protected":false},"excerpt":{"rendered":"

Rafael Urrialde i Emilio Mart\u00ednez de Vict\u00f2ria reflexionen sobre la nova pir\u00e0mide invertida establerta a les Guies Aliment\u00e0ries que del Departament d’Agricultura dels EUA a l’article “Paradigma de las gu\u00edas alimentarias para los estadounidenses”<\/p>\n","protected":false},"author":12,"featured_media":0,"comment_status":"closed","ping_status":"closed","sticky":false,"template":"","format":"standard","meta":{"_et_pb_use_builder":"","_et_pb_old_content":"","_et_gb_content_width":"","footnotes":""},"categories":[237,496],"tags":[],"class_list":["post-179596","post","type-post","status-publish","format-standard","hentry","category-alimentacio-i-nutricio","category-educacio-etica-i-valors-ca","et-doesnt-have-format-content","et_post_format-et-post-format-standard"],"yoast_head":"\nLa nova pir\u00e0mide aliment\u00e0ria dels Estats Units - Reial Acad\u00e8mia Europea de Doctors<\/title>\n<meta name=\"description\" content=\"Rafael Urrialde i Emilio Mart\u00ednez de Vict\u00f2ria, sobre la nova pir\u00e0mide invertida aliment\u00e0ria dels EUA, a l'article "Paradigma de las gu\u00edas alimentarias para los estadounidenses"\" \/>\n<meta name=\"robots\" content=\"index, follow, max-snippet:-1, max-image-preview:large, max-video-preview:-1\" \/>\n<link rel=\"canonical\" href=\"https:\/\/raed.academy\/ca\/la-nova-piramide-alimentaria-dels-estats-units\/\" \/>\n<meta property=\"og:locale\" content=\"ca_ES\" \/>\n<meta property=\"og:type\" content=\"article\" \/>\n<meta property=\"og:title\" content=\"La nova pir\u00e0mide aliment\u00e0ria dels Estats Units - 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