{"id":164162,"date":"2025-05-16T12:24:18","date_gmt":"2025-05-16T12:24:18","guid":{"rendered":"https:\/\/raed.academy\/?p=164162"},"modified":"2025-05-16T12:24:18","modified_gmt":"2025-05-16T12:24:18","slug":"de-les-sirenes-a-les-actuals-quimeres","status":"publish","type":"post","link":"https:\/\/raed.academy\/ca\/de-les-sirenes-a-les-actuals-quimeres\/","title":{"rendered":"De les sirenes a les actuals quimeres"},"content":{"rendered":"
\"August

Dr. August Corominas<\/p><\/div>\n

August Corominas<\/strong><\/em><\/a>, professor de Fisiologia Humana de la Universitat de M\u00farcia<\/strong> i de la Universitat Aut\u00f2noma de Barcelona<\/strong> i acad\u00e8mic em\u00e8rit de la Reial Acad\u00e8mia Europea de Doctors<\/strong> (RAED), comparteix amb la comunitat acad\u00e8mica l’article “Les sirenes, il\u00b7lusi\u00f3 de navegants i homes de mar”<\/strong>, en el que aborda la figura d’aquest ser llegendari forjat a l’Antiguitat cl\u00e0ssica. L’acad\u00e8mic ha compartit recentment en aquesta publicaci\u00f3 els articles “La maldat de Putin”<\/strong><\/a>, “Nou apocalipsi i batalla d’Armagedon”<\/strong><\/a>, “Ser vell o no”<\/strong><\/a>, “Anti-Aging”<\/strong><\/a>,\u00a0 “Graf\u00e8: un element de gran futur tecnol\u00f2gic”<\/strong><\/a>, “Estad\u00edstica d’Hiroshima”<\/strong><\/a>\u00a0i “Viure a la Lluna”<\/strong><\/a>, “La dieta mediter\u00e0nia”<\/strong><\/a>, “Els dif\u00edcils inicis de Can Ruti”<\/strong><\/a>, Els secrets de la longevitat i les ‘zones blaves’<\/strong><\/a>, “Atenci\u00f3 a les caigudes, de nit i de dia”<\/strong><\/a>,\u00a0“La bona vida i la vida bona”<\/strong><\/a>, “Vida biol\u00f2gica i Vida Qu\u00e0ntica”<\/strong><\/a>, “Hospitals intel\u00b7ligents”<\/strong><\/a>, “Cosmon\u00e0utica i medicina espacial”<\/strong><\/a>, “El maltractament i la seva gesti\u00f3”<\/strong><\/a>, “Biologia qu\u00e0ntica”<\/strong><\/a>, “El negre de Banyoles (boixim\u00e0 o hotentot)”<\/strong><\/a>, “Polidact\u00edlia”<\/strong><\/a> i “Adolesc\u00e8ncia, edat cr\u00edtica de la vida humana”<\/strong><\/a>. A m\u00e9s \u00e9s autor d’un dels cap\u00edtols del llibre “Vitalidad al envejecer. Si lo deseas, puedes vivir m\u00e1s a\u00f1os con salud”<\/strong>, editat per la Reial Corporaci\u00f3 amb el suport de Vichy Catal\u00e1n<\/strong>.<\/p>\n

Les sirenes, il\u00b7lusi\u00f3 de navegants i homes de mar<\/h2>\n

Quimera \u00e9s un vocable que avui compta amb 22 significats del grec fins a l’accepci\u00f3 m\u00e8dica actual. A la mitologia grega, la quimera era un monstre h\u00edbrid fill de Tif\u00f3<\/strong> i Equidna<\/strong> amb cos de cabra, cua de serp i cap de lle\u00f3. En aquesta mitologia existeixen tamb\u00e9 altres h\u00edbrids coneguts com a sirenes, amb cara i t\u00f2rax de dona, cua de peix i veu sonora, com explica Homer<\/strong> en la seva “Odissea”<\/strong>. Es tracta d’un \u00e9sser molt valorat i volgut per navegants i gent de mar, que es deixen atrapar per l’irresistible cant de les sirenes.<\/p>\n

Segons el mite, les sirenes s\u00f3n criatures h\u00edbrides, una barreja de dona i peix similar a l’harpia, per\u00f2 a difer\u00e8ncia d’aquestes horribles i repugnants criatures, les sirenes eren \u00e9ssers agermanats i encantadors. Tot i aix\u00f2, no sempre van tenir aquesta forma. Quan van n\u00e9ixer, eren germanes de les nimfes, filles del d\u00e9u del riu Aqueloo<\/strong> i de la musa Melp\u00f3mene<\/strong>, i formaven part de la process\u00f3 que acompanyava Pers\u00e9fone<\/strong>, la deessa de la primavera. Tot i aix\u00f2, despr\u00e9s que Hades<\/strong>, el d\u00e9u de l’inframon, segrest\u00e9s Pers\u00e9fone, les nimfes van ser castigades per la deessa Dem\u00e8ter<\/strong>, que no els va perdonar que permet\u00e9s el segrest de la seva filla.<\/p>\n

Les joves es van convertir en aus femelles, conegudes com a sirenes, i van comen\u00e7ar a viure a les roques de l’illa italiana de Capri. All\u00e0, utilitzaven els seus melodiosos cants per atreure els mariners dels vaixells que navegaven per les proximitats. Els homes, sedu\u00efts, dirigien els seus vaixells directament cap als esculls, el que provocava greus danys als cascos. Despr\u00e9s del naufragi, les tripulacions eren rescatades des de les profunditats de l’oce\u00e0.<\/p>\n

\"Sirenas,

Imatge d’Stefan Keller<\/a> en Pixabay<\/a><\/p><\/div>\n

El mite ha arribat transformat fins als nostres dies. En una novel\u00b7la de ci\u00e8ncia-ficci\u00f3 de Herbert George Wells<\/strong> que es va emportar al cinema, “L’illa del doctor Moreau”<\/strong>, un n\u00e0ufrag arriba a l’illa on un estrany doctor experimenta en animals per convertir-los en humans i millorar l’esp\u00e8cie. I \u00e9s que les sirenes sempre han fascinat la humanitat. Tot i que la majoria dels albiraments es consideren mites o llegendes, alguns v\u00eddeos suggereixen que podrien ser una mica m\u00e9s que aix\u00f2. Avui dia circulen nombrosos v\u00eddeos de suposats albiraments d’aquests \u00e9ssers.<\/p>\n

M\u00e9s enll\u00e0 del mite i la creativitat art\u00edstica, una idea que ronda a la ci\u00e8ncia \u00e9s que les quimeres animal-home podrien ser utilitzades com una font de producci\u00f3 d’\u00f2rgans per a trasplantaments. A la Universitat d’Stanford<\/strong> es va crear una quimera rata en la qual es va fer cr\u00e9ixer un p\u00e0ncrees de ratol\u00ed. A l’Institut Roslin<\/strong> d’Edimburg es va crear la popular ovella Dolly<\/strong> a partir d’una c\u00e8l\u00b7lula som\u00e0tica adulta d’una altra ovella en el primer cas conegut de clonaci\u00f3 d’un animal complex.<\/p>\n

M\u00e9s recentment es va crear tamb\u00e9 una quimera mona-home per estudiar la possibilitat que podia oferir a la medicina regenerativa. Tamb\u00e9 en v\u00e0lvules card\u00edaques de porc s’han fet implants de cor hum\u00e0. Aix\u00f2 ha obert la porta al xenotrasplantament o trasplantament de c\u00e8l\u00b7lules, teixits o \u00f2rgans d’un animal a un hum\u00e0, tot i que encara poden produir nombroses complicacions que no els fan encara una alternativa al trasplantament.<\/p>\n

I en aquest punt tornem a l’inici: s\u00f3n viables les sirenes? Biol\u00f2gicament, no. Ni s\u00f3n possibles. L’Ag\u00e8ncia Federal i Oceanografia dels Estats Units<\/strong> ja va organitzar un estudi i fins i tot una expedici\u00f3 i va demostrar que ni existien ni havien existit mai. De fet, en vista d’una simple an\u00e0lisi biol\u00f2gica, no \u00e9s possible un cos meitat mam\u00edfer (de sang calenta) i meitat peix (de sang freda). On s\u00f3n, a m\u00e9s, els \u00f2rgans d’excreci\u00f3? I el sistema reproductiu? I el sistema immunitari? \u00c9s un mite mitol\u00f2gic molt buscat, per\u00f2 mai no trobat. Es pot fer un xenotrasplantament amb la fisiologia i la mitologia d’una sirena? No.<\/p>\n

Existeix la teoria d’un possible grup hum\u00e0 que va viure a l’aigua, \u00e9s la coneguda teoria del simi aqu\u00e0tic. Per\u00f2 no n’hi ha registre f\u00f2ssil.<\/p>\n","protected":false},"excerpt":{"rendered":"

August Corominas aborda la figura de les sirenes, ser llegendari forjat a l’Antiguitat cl\u00e0ssica, al seu \u00faltim treball “Les sirenes, il\u00b7lusi\u00f3 de navegants i homes de mar”<\/p>\n","protected":false},"author":12,"featured_media":164123,"comment_status":"closed","ping_status":"closed","sticky":false,"template":"","format":"standard","meta":{"_et_pb_use_builder":"","_et_pb_old_content":"","_et_gb_content_width":"","footnotes":""},"categories":[247,460,229,332,307,455,242,401,439,213],"tags":[],"class_list":["post-164162","post","type-post","status-publish","format-standard","has-post-thumbnail","hentry","category-antropologia-ca","category-arqueologia-ca","category-art","category-biologia-ca","category-biologia-marina-ca","category-ciencies-de-la-salut","category-categ-historia","category-historia-de-lart-i-patrimoni-cultural","category-literatura-ca","category-medicina-i-cirurgia","et-has-post-format-content","et_post_format-et-post-format-standard"],"yoast_head":"\nDe les sirenes a les actuals quimeres - 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