{"id":136583,"date":"2023-08-25T09:17:19","date_gmt":"2023-08-25T09:17:19","guid":{"rendered":"https:\/\/raed.academy\/?p=136583"},"modified":"2023-09-02T15:34:57","modified_gmt":"2023-09-02T15:34:57","slug":"com-sorgeix-la-histeria-col%c2%b7lectiva","status":"publish","type":"post","link":"https:\/\/raed.academy\/ca\/com-sorgeix-la-histeria-col%c2%b7lectiva\/","title":{"rendered":"Com sorgeix la hist\u00e8ria col\u00b7lectiva?"},"content":{"rendered":"
\"Dr.

Dr. Francisco L\u00f3pez Mu\u00f1oz<\/p><\/div>\n

Francisco L\u00f3pez Mu\u00f1oz<\/strong><\/em><\/a>, professor de Farmacologia i vicerector de Recerca, Ci\u00e8ncia i Doctorat de la Universitat Camilo Jos\u00e9 Cela<\/strong> i acad\u00e8mic de n\u00famero de la Reial Acad\u00e8mia Europea de Doctors-Barcelona 1914<\/strong> (RAED), aborda un desconegut trastorn psicol\u00e8gic a l’article “\u00bfC\u00f3mo surge un episodio de histeria colectiva? El ejemplo del gaseador de Mattoon”<\/strong>, publicat al portal de divulgaci\u00f3 cient\u00edfica The Conversation<\/strong> el 30 de juliol passat i reprodu\u00eft en diversos mitjans digitals espanyols i hispanoamericans. L\u00f3pez Mu\u00f1oz signa aquest article juntament amb Francisco P\u00e9rez Fern\u00e1ndez<\/strong>, professor de Psicologia Criminal, Psicologia de la Personalitat i Hist\u00f2ria de la Psicologia de la mateixa Universitat Camilo Jos\u00e9 Cela, amb qui recentment ha publicat el llibre “La sangre de la Gorgona. Una historia del vampirismo desde la Psicolog\u00eda y la Medicina”<\/strong>.<\/p>\n

Els experts analitzen un exemple hist\u00f2ric del que s’ha donat a con\u00e8ixer com a hist\u00e8ria col\u00b7lectiva o malaltia psic\u00f2gena massiva. El 1944, durant la Segona Guerra Mundial, van succeir-se una s\u00e8rie d’incidents a Mattoon, Illinois, on les persones van experimentar s\u00edmptomes com marejos, n\u00e0usees i par\u00e0lisi, atribu\u00efts a un suposat gas. Els mitjans locals van amplificar el succ\u00e9s, cosa que va provocar una paranoia generalitzada a la comunitat. Tot i la falta de proves, les autoritats van sol\u00b7licitar la intervenci\u00f3 de l’FBI<\/strong>, cosa que va intensificar encara m\u00e9s el p\u00e0nic. Es van difondre teories de conspiraci\u00f3 sobre infiltrats estrangers i experiments qu\u00edmics. Finalment, es va determinar que els atacs van ser el resultat d’una hist\u00e8ria col\u00b7lectiva alimentada per l’estr\u00e8s i l’ansietat de la guerra. A mesura que va disminuir la cobertura dels mitjans, la comunitat va tornar a la normalitat.<\/p>\n

“Podem assumir que la hist\u00e8ria col\u00b7lectiva, anomenada tamb\u00e9 actualment malaltia psic\u00f2gena massiva (EPM), \u00e9s un fenomen d’ansietat grupal, caracteritzat per l’aparici\u00f3 d’una s\u00e8rie d’alteracions psicol\u00f2giques i f\u00edsiques que es propaguen r\u00e0pidament en un grup determinat. En conseq\u00fc\u00e8ncia, el subjecte es despersonalitza i es genera una ‘\u00e0nima col\u00b7lectiva emergent’, com indicava el pare de la psicologia de masses, Gustave Le Bon<\/strong>, sense que s’evidenci\u00ef cap tipus de trastorn a nivell individual, alguns d’aquests episodis s’han utilitzat per intentar justificar esdeveniments psicosocials extrems al llarg de la hist\u00f2ria. Entre ells, etnocidis i genocidis”, expliquen L\u00f3pez Mu\u00f1oz i P\u00e9rez Fern\u00e1ndez<\/p>\n

Aquest cas de Mattoon exemplifica com la hist\u00e8ria col\u00b7lectiva es propaga i s’alimenta de rumors i pors col\u00b7lectives. \u00c9s important destacar que, en aquest cas, la manca d’evid\u00e8ncia no va impedir que la paranoia s’estengu\u00e9s i que les autoritats prenguessin mesures dr\u00e0stiques. Aix\u00f2 fa ressaltar la influ\u00e8ncia que els mitjans de comunicaci\u00f3 i el context sociopol\u00edtic poden tenir en la propagaci\u00f3 d’aquesta paranoia social. Per als experts, la mec\u00e0nica a la hist\u00e8ria col\u00b7lectiva \u00e9s sempre la mateixa. Canvia amb l’esdevenir del temps, la forma i la manifestaci\u00f3 dels monstres, els enemics o els mals, per\u00f2 no aix\u00ed l’origen at\u00e0vic de les pors que les mobilitzen.<\/p>\n

“Nombrosos exemples d’aquest fenomen han tingut lloc al llarg de la hist\u00f2ria, com el cas de la ca\u00e7a de bruixes inquisitorial, i en tots ells \u00e9s possible trobar una ingent quantitat de similituds. Concretament estranys i inconsistents s\u00edmptomes, estigmes i diagn\u00f2stics m\u00e8dics contrastats, contextos sociopol\u00edtics on catalitza la idea d’una amena\u00e7a per a la comunitat, figures humanes misterioses o espectrals, esdeveniments inexplicables i desgr\u00e0cies inesperades que afecten pac\u00edfics vilatans, per\u00f2 tamb\u00e9 pors indefinibles no del tot aclarides, recerca obsessiva de bocs expiatoris i autoritats que, per diferents motius i interessos, alimenten el debat p\u00fablic”, conclouen.<\/p>\n

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Llegiu l’article<\/strong><\/a><\/h2>\n

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Francisco L\u00f3pez Mu\u00f1oz aborda un desconegut trastorn psicol\u00f2gic a l’article “Com sorgeix un episodi d’hist\u00e8ria col\u00b7lectiva? L’exemple del gasador de Mattoon” , que es va publicar al portal de divulgaci\u00f3 cient\u00edfica The Conversation el 30 de juliol passat i ha estat reprodu\u00eft a diversos mitjans digitals espanyols i hispanoamericans<\/p>\n","protected":false},"author":12,"featured_media":136631,"comment_status":"closed","ping_status":"closed","sticky":false,"template":"","format":"standard","meta":{"_et_pb_use_builder":"","_et_pb_old_content":"","_et_gb_content_width":"","footnotes":""},"categories":[455,380,466,242,451,472],"tags":[],"class_list":["post-136583","post","type-post","status-publish","format-standard","has-post-thumbnail","hentry","category-ciencies-de-la-salut","category-conflictes-bellics","category-destacat","category-categ-historia","category-psicologia-ca","category-psiquiatria-i-psicologia","et-has-post-format-content","et_post_format-et-post-format-standard"],"yoast_head":"\nCom sorgeix la hist\u00e8ria col\u00b7lectiva? - Reial Acad\u00e8mia Europea de Doctors<\/title>\n<meta name=\"description\" content=\"Francisco L\u00f3pez Mu\u00f1oz aborda un desconegut trastorn psicol\u00f2gic a l'article "Com sorgeix un episodi d'hist\u00e8ria col\u00b7lectiva? 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