{"id":132024,"date":"2023-04-21T09:56:18","date_gmt":"2023-04-21T09:56:18","guid":{"rendered":"https:\/\/raed.academy\/?p=132024"},"modified":"2023-04-22T12:22:01","modified_gmt":"2023-04-22T12:22:01","slug":"les-estacions-silmar-alerten-sobre-la-degradacio-del-litoral-catala","status":"publish","type":"post","link":"https:\/\/raed.academy\/ca\/les-estacions-silmar-alerten-sobre-la-degradacio-del-litoral-catala\/","title":{"rendered":"Les estacions Silmar alerten sobre la degradaci\u00f3 del litoral catal\u00e0"},"content":{"rendered":"

Miquel Ventura<\/strong>, director de projectes de la Fundaci\u00f3 Pro Real Acad\u00e8mia Europea de Doctors<\/strong><\/a>, presenta a la comunitat acad\u00e8mica els informes d’activitat de les dues estacions que el projecte d’observaci\u00f3 i protecci\u00f3 de la biodiversitat marina Silmar<\/strong><\/a> t\u00e9 instal\u00b7lades al litoral catal\u00e0, una a Barcelona i l’altra a Castell-Platja d’Aro. Ventura<\/strong> \u00e9s l’impulsor d’aquesta iniciativa, gestionada per la Unitat de Medi Ambient i Ecologia de la Fundaci\u00f3 de la Reial Acad\u00e8mia Europea de Doctors-Barcelona 1914 (RAED), que ha realitzat un rigor\u00f3s seguiment de l’estat ecol\u00f2gic i el comportament de la biodiversitat marina en aquests dos punts que presenten una de forta pressi\u00f3 humana.<\/p>\n

L’estaci\u00f3 de la “Cima”<\/strong><\/a> de Castell-Platja d’Aro-Baix Empord\u00e0-Girona ha registrat un per\u00edode d’estudi que s’ha caracteritzat per unes bones condicions del mar (poc onatge i transpar\u00e8ncia excel\u00b7lent de l’aigua) i unes altes temperatures ambientals tant de l’aire com de l’aigua marina en superf\u00edcie, sobretot durant els mesos de maig a octubre, donant lloc a un augment molt significatiu de la temperatura de l’aigua marina, aconseguint 24 \u00baC. a 27 metres de profunditat al mes d’agost. Aquest fet ha esborrat els l\u00edmits t\u00edpics de la termoclina estiuenca del Mediterrani occidental, que oscil\u00b7la entre els 15 i els 20 metres de profunditat amb temperatures de 14 a 16 \u00baC. Aix\u00f2 comporta una alteraci\u00f3 dels par\u00e0metres f\u00edsics i mediambientals de l’entorn mar\u00ed amb conseq\u00fc\u00e8ncies molt significatives que cal tenir en compte per als ecosistemes marins litorals i la seva biodiversitat.<\/p>\n

A criteri de les dades cient\u00edfiques obtingudes els darrers 35 anys, el mar Mediterrani actualment es comporta com un punt calent en mat\u00e8ria de canvi clim\u00e0tic, segons l’estudi del grup d’investigadors valencians de l’\u00e0rea de Meteorologia de la Fundaci\u00f3 Centre d’Estudis Ambientals de la Mediterr\u00e0nia , publicat a la revista “Pure and Applied Geophysics” amb dades de l’Oficina Nacional d’Administraci\u00f3 Oce\u00e0nica i Atmosf\u00e8rica dels Estats Units (NOAA). En concret, entre el 1982 i el 2016 la temperatura a la Mediterr\u00e0nia va pujar una mitjana d’1,27 graus, superant els dos graus en algunes zones, posant en risc el desenvolupament natural de la biodiversitat. A l’escalfament global, \u00e9s un catalitzador de fen\u00f2mens adversos que redueixen la qualitat dels h\u00e0bitats i els ecosistemes marins, sumats a la contaminaci\u00f3, la sobrepesca i la p\u00e8rdua d’O2 de la columna d’aigua marina.<\/p>\n

L’informe Silmar 2022, igual que l’any passat, les col\u00f2nies de coralls marins que ens serveixen com a esp\u00e8cies control (bioindicadors) de qualitat del medi mar\u00ed presents a l’estaci\u00f3 de la “Cima”<\/strong><\/a> de Platja d’Aro, estan en un 80% molt epifitades (cobertes per altres esp\u00e8cies) o mortes i s’han observat molt poques col\u00f2nies noves que puguin garantir la viabilitat d’aquest grup de coralls marins fonamentals per mantenir la biodiversitat. Aix\u00ed, el diagn\u00f2stic d’aquest grup d’organismes coral\u00b7l\u00edgens \u00e9s semblant al dels darrers anys: p\u00f2lips morts, col\u00f2nies epifitades i corals de port redu\u00eft i amb poca vitalitat. La madr\u00e8pora mediterr\u00e0nia, de l’esp\u00e8cie \u00abCladocora caespitosa\u00bb, presenta el mateix patr\u00f3, encara que com que est\u00e0 a m\u00e9s profunditat, resisteix millor els impactes i les pressions.<\/p>\n

Com ja s’havia documentat en anteriors informes Silmar de l’estaci\u00f3 de la “Cima”<\/strong><\/a> de Platja d’Aro, \u00e9s molt probable que l’escalfament de l’aigua marina ens ha portat a un increment de la mortalitat de les bent\u00f2niques presents en aquesta zona marina i adaptades a temperatures m\u00e9s baixes. Altres esp\u00e8cies marines com el cargol ratllat \u201cBivetiella cancellata\u201d o la de l’esp\u00e8cie protagonista del Mediterrani, la Posidonia oceanica, faner\u00f2gama t\u00edpica que allotja m\u00e9s de 1000 esp\u00e8cies marines segueixen el mateix dest\u00ed, totes les seves poblacions estan en regressi\u00f3, encara que la floraci\u00f3 aquest any hagi estat excepcional. En aquest sentit, del diagn\u00f2stic realitzat tamb\u00e9 hi ha punts positius com \u00e9s l’elevada floraci\u00f3 de la prada de posid\u00f2nia amb densitats mitjanes comptabilitzades el 2022 de 131 flors\/m2, batent \u00e0mpliament tots els r\u00e8cords hist\u00f2rics des de la creaci\u00f3 de l’estaci\u00f3 el 2013.<\/p>\n

Aix\u00ed mateix, s’han pogut observar noves col\u00f2nies del corall tou mediterrani de l’esp\u00e8cie \u00abEunicella singularis\u00bb, el corall t\u00edpic d’aig\u00fces poc profundes, encara que cap millora de les col\u00f2nies madures no controla aquesta gorg\u00f2nia blanca. Aquest any 2022 hem aconseguit augmentar el nombre d’esp\u00e8cies observades amb 28 de noves respecte a l’any passat, fet que en l’actualitat suposa una biblioteca biol\u00f2gica (biodiversitat) de la zona amb un total de 455 esp\u00e8cies en nom\u00e9s 600 m\u00b2 de zona submarina d’estudi.<\/p>\n

La Fundaci\u00f3 Pro Reial Acad\u00e8mia, a trav\u00e9s de la unitat de medi ambient i ecologia i amb l’objectiu d’establir accions de conservaci\u00f3 activa est\u00e0 treballant en la promoci\u00f3 d’un projecte innovador per incentivar la societat local, els turistes i els agents litorals m\u00e9s importants a minimitzar, reduir, recuperar, reciclar i reutilitzar els residus pl\u00e0stics que arriben al medi mar\u00ed.<\/p>\n

Finalment, la puntuaci\u00f3 final d’aquesta estaci\u00f3 per a l’any 2022, a partir de c\u00e0lculs i ponderaci\u00f3 de 10 par\u00e0metres diferents, per\u00f2 interdependents, \u00e9s de 6,73 sobre 10.<\/p>\n

Pel que fa a l’Estaci\u00f3 a la Mar Bella<\/strong><\/a> de Barcelona, la Fundaci\u00f3 RAED, sota el lideratge de Miquel Ventura<\/strong>, tamb\u00e9 ha presentat el seu informe anual, que aquest any ha incorporat una nova activitat per conscienciar de la necessitat de mantenir un patrimoni mar\u00ed sa: l’apropament al col\u00b7lectiu de pescadors de la zona per tal de con\u00e8ixer la realitat d’un sector en crisi que explota un ecosistema mar\u00ed alterat per l’activitat de la ciutat, la contaminaci\u00f3 i l’augment de les temperatures globals.<\/p>\n

A les observacions realitzades al llarg de l’any a l’estaci\u00f3 de la Mar Bella<\/strong><\/a> de Barcelona cal ressaltar la pres\u00e8ncia de dues noves esp\u00e8cies invasores, per una banda, l’alga verda de l’esp\u00e8cie Codium fragile, provinent de l’oce\u00e0 pac\u00edfic i detectada a la Mediterr\u00e0nia des dels anys 60 del segle passat, i l’esponja invasora de l’esp\u00e8cie \u00abParaleucilla magna\u00bb, un por\u00edfer de composici\u00f3 calc\u00e0ria molt fr\u00e0gil de color ivori que pot fer fins a 8 cent\u00edmetres. A l’estaci\u00f3 Silmar de la Mar Bella<\/strong><\/a> s’han detectat vuit esp\u00e8cies invasores: tres algues i cinc d’invertebrats. El fet que una esp\u00e8cie forana i\/o invasora s’assenti en aquesta zona del litoral barcelon\u00ed, pot afectar a altres totes les zones marines adjacents i, amb el temps, a tota la costa com ja ha passat amb algunes esp\u00e8cies de crustacis i organismes del pl\u00e0ncton que ja resideixen en aquestes aig\u00fces i que estan despla\u00e7ant les esp\u00e8cies aut\u00f2ctones fins a fer-les desapar\u00e8ixer. El nombre d’esp\u00e8cies marines observades a l’estaci\u00f3 Silmar de la Mar Bella<\/strong><\/a> des de l’any 2018 al 2022 ha pujat a 312 a 760 m\u00b2 de zona de mostreig submarina.<\/p>\n

\"Miquel

Miquel Ventura<\/p><\/div>\n

La diagnosi ecol\u00f2gica i mediambiental a l’estaci\u00f3 Silmar de la Mar Bella<\/strong><\/a> de Barcelona durant el per\u00edode 2022 ha constatat que Barcelona i la seva conurbaci\u00f3 generen una empremta ecol\u00f2gica mitjana \u00e9s elevad\u00edssima, arribant a les 4,3 hect\u00e0rees globals\/any (Gha) i aix\u00f2 \u00e9s degut als impactes i les pressions que es manifesten a Barcelona en forma de contaminaci\u00f3 de l’aire, de l’aigua, de la freq\u00fcentaci\u00f3 humana, l’escalfament global, l’extracci\u00f3 de recursos naturals i la p\u00e8rdua de biodiversitat. Aix\u00f2 demostra que el model de desenvolupament adoptat per la nostra societat \u00e9s insostenible i tendeix a col\u00b7lapsar a mitj\u00e0 termini, tal com va predir l’informe \u201cEn els l\u00edmits del creixement\u201d publicat pel Club de Roma i el MIT l’any 1972.<\/p>\n

La puntuaci\u00f3 final a l’estaci\u00f3 \u00e9s de 5,65 sobre 10 i, com en el cas de l’estaci\u00f3 de la “Cima”<\/strong><\/a> de Castell-Platja d’Aro-Baix Empord\u00e0-Girona, la Fundaci\u00f3 RAED presentar\u00e0 els resultats a les administracions p\u00fabliques locals, juntament amb els plans d’acci\u00f3 per impulsar, ensenyar i motivar cada cop m\u00e9s la societat a ser m\u00e9s respectuosa i activa amb la conservaci\u00f3 de la natura i el mar.<\/p>\n

Informe Silmar.doc 2022 de l’Estaci\u00f3 Silmar de la \u201cCima\u201d<\/a><\/h2>\n

Informe Silmar.doc 2022 de l’Estaci\u00f3 Silmar de la Mar Bella<\/a><\/h2>\n

P\u00e0gina del projecte Silmar<\/a><\/h2>\n","protected":false},"excerpt":{"rendered":"

Els darrers informes Silmar.doc de les estacions Mar Bella a BCN i la Cima a Platja d’Aro, presentats per Miquel Ventura, evidencien un alt increment en la temperatura de l’aigua, amb registres mai obtinguts<\/p>\n","protected":false},"author":12,"featured_media":132059,"comment_status":"closed","ping_status":"closed","sticky":false,"template":"","format":"standard","meta":{"_et_pb_use_builder":"","_et_pb_old_content":"","_et_gb_content_width":"","footnotes":""},"categories":[307,416,368,310,366],"tags":[],"class_list":["post-132024","post","type-post","status-publish","format-standard","has-post-thumbnail","hentry","category-biologia-marina-ca","category-canvi-climatic","category-fundacio-raed","category-medi-ambient","category-noticies-projecte-silmar","et-has-post-format-content","et_post_format-et-post-format-standard"],"yoast_head":"\nLes estacions Silmar alerten sobre la degradaci\u00f3 del litoral catal\u00e0 - Reial Acad\u00e8mia Europea de Doctors<\/title>\n<meta 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