{"id":118301,"date":"2022-05-25T11:44:52","date_gmt":"2022-05-25T11:44:52","guid":{"rendered":"https:\/\/raed.academy\/?p=118301"},"modified":"2022-05-26T09:38:43","modified_gmt":"2022-05-26T09:38:43","slug":"regressio-de-la-biodiversitat","status":"publish","type":"post","link":"https:\/\/raed.academy\/ca\/regressio-de-la-biodiversitat\/","title":{"rendered":"Regressi\u00f3 de la biodiversitat"},"content":{"rendered":"

Miquel Ventura<\/strong>, director de projectes de la Fundaci\u00f3 Pro Reial Acad\u00e8mia Europea de Doctors<\/strong> i impulsor del projecte d’observaci\u00f3 i protecci\u00f3 de la biodiversitat marina Silmar<\/strong><\/a>, ha presentat el darrer informe de l’Estaci\u00f3 de la Cima<\/strong>, a Castell-Platja d’Aro, al cor de la Costa Brava, que testifica la regressi\u00f3 de la flora i la fauna del fons mar\u00ed d’aquesta zona del litoral catal\u00e0 i la proliferaci\u00f3 d’algunes de les esp\u00e8cies invasores. L’informe, corresponent a l’any 2021, destaca algunes conclusions considerades ja des d’una perspectiva de set anys d’observaci\u00f3 i 15 de mostratge, com ara l’increment d’entre 0,5\u00b0 i 1\u00b0 en la temperatura de l’aigua, una variaci\u00f3 que afavoreix el desenvolupament d’esp\u00e8cies foranes modificant el patr\u00f3 natural de funcionament de l’ecosistema mar\u00ed i, de manera espec\u00edfica, afecta les esp\u00e8cies i els h\u00e0bitats marins m\u00e9s sensibles.<\/p>\n

\"Myriapora

Myriapora truncata, (Pallas, 1766). Fals Coral. La Myriapora truncata \u00e9s un briozou que forma una col\u00f2nia arbustiva i ramificada. Les branques tenen una superf\u00edcie llisa amb uns petits porus que corresponen als zooides (o individus). Els extrems de la col\u00f2nia estan truncats.<\/p><\/div>\n

En contraposici\u00f3, l’observaci\u00f3 d’aquest per\u00edode deixa una not\u00edcia positiva: la floraci\u00f3 massiva de la Posidonia oceanica<\/em>. Un fenomen que es va observar a tota la Costa Brava i amb especial intensitat a la pradera de la Cima i que est\u00e0 relacionat, m\u00e9s amb un cicle vital de l’esp\u00e8cie que se sol donar-se cada quatre o cinc anys, amb l’augment de la temperatura de l’aigua. “Aquesta resposta fisiol\u00f2gica d’aquesta planta marina davant l’escalfament de l’aigua ens dona certa esperan\u00e7a en analitzar la capacitat d’adaptaci\u00f3 d’una esp\u00e8cie clau per a la resili\u00e8ncia ecol\u00f2gica de l’ecosistema litoral mediterrani”, assenyala Ventura.<\/p>\n

Altres impactes antropog\u00e8nics detectats en aquesta zona d’estudi mar\u00ed s\u00f3n la contaminaci\u00f3 per subst\u00e0ncies qu\u00edmiques, protectors solars, micropl\u00e0stics i mat\u00e8ria org\u00e0nica, que redueixen la qualitat de l’aigua i incideixen en aquesta afectaci\u00f3 a h\u00e0bitats i esp\u00e8cies m\u00e9s sensibles i afavoreixen el desenvolupament d’esp\u00e8cies oportunistes que s\u00f3n m\u00e9s resistents a entorns marins contaminats. L’informe tamb\u00e9 alerta sobre pesca esportiva i professional en esp\u00e8cies d’inter\u00e8s ecol\u00f2gic elevat, la introducci\u00f3 d’esp\u00e8cies foranes potencialment invasores o de l’increment de la contaminaci\u00f3 ac\u00fastica derivat de la navegaci\u00f3 a motor i d’esports n\u00e0utics poc sostenibles com les motos d’aigua.<\/p>\n

“Com \u00e9s habitual durant l’any d’immersions s’ha realitzat el seguiment dels bioindicadors \u00f2ptims, seleccionats de forma espec\u00edfica per donar-nos la informaci\u00f3 sobre la qualitat ecol\u00f2gica dels h\u00e0bitats i ecosistemes presents. Les esp\u00e8cies bioindicadores s\u00e8ssils (sense mobilitat) que observem a cada immersi\u00f3 pateixen amb m\u00e9s intensitat els impactes i les pressions humanes i els efectes dels canvis ambientals a mitj\u00e0 i llarg termini. En aquest context, la marcada regressi\u00f3 d’algunes esp\u00e8cies de corals tous com la de l’esp\u00e8cie Eunicella singularis<\/em> (coral blanc colonial) i de l’esp\u00e8cie Leptogorgia sarmentosa (<\/em>la gorg\u00f2nia taronja), s’estan analitzant des de fa m\u00e9s de sis anys. Les col\u00f2nies sobre les quals es fan els seguiments presenten lesions i necrosi a les puntes i creixement d’esp\u00e8cies oportunistes (algues, esponges i pat\u00f2gens) sobre les seves col\u00f2nies arborescents que les asfixien i moren. El 80% de les col\u00f2nies analitzades a l’estaci\u00f3 de la Cima estan molt epifitades o mortes (un fenomen que tamb\u00e9 passa de forma intensa des del 2015 a tota la Costa Brava). A m\u00e9s, als darrers quatre anys gaireb\u00e9 no hem observat noves col\u00f2nies que puguin garantir l’estabilitat d’aquestes poblacions”, assenyala l’informe.<\/p>\n

\"Miquel

Miquel Ventura<\/p><\/div>\n

L’estaci\u00f3 Silmar de control de Castell-Platja d’Aro es troba sota el mar a una dist\u00e0ncia de 0,35 milles de cala Rovira direcci\u00f3 sud-est. La zona d’estudi integra una formaci\u00f3 geol\u00f2gica submarina molt caracter\u00edstica que es prolonga cap al nord, formant una llarga barra rocosa perpendicular al litoral que es va distanciant de la costa. En estar submergida i al mig del mar aquesta zona submarina queda desapercebuda per a la majoria dels usuaris del mar (navegants, pescadors i bussejadors) i per aix\u00f2 rep una menor pressi\u00f3 humana comparada amb altres zones costaneres del municipi. Tot i que aquesta condici\u00f3 no la protegeix de la pressi\u00f3 pesquera professional i esportiva, destaca el bi\u00f2leg mar\u00ed.<\/p>\n

L’\u00faltim informe de l’Estaci\u00f3 Silmar de la Mar Bella<\/strong>, a Barcelona, \u200b\u200bpresentat fa un mes, determinava la pres\u00e8ncia d’almenys quatre esp\u00e8cies invasores detectades a les observacions i assenyalava que a la Mediterr\u00e0nia s’han introdu\u00eft a l’\u00faltima d\u00e8cada m\u00e9s de 900 esp\u00e8cies foranes provinents d’altres ecosistemes marins, el 15% de les quals s\u00f3n potencialment invasores. “Fins ara, la Mediterr\u00e0nia i el nostre litoral mar\u00ed mostraven resili\u00e8ncia ecol\u00f2gica, per\u00f2 per un c\u00famul de fets com la contaminaci\u00f3 del mar amb micropl\u00e0stics o l’increment del transport mar\u00edtim, estem privant-lo de la seva capacitat de defensa i regeneraci\u00f3. M\u00e9s del 40% de les esp\u00e8cies d’inter\u00e8s comercial que es pesquen a la Mediterr\u00e0nia oriental actualment ja s\u00f3n esp\u00e8cies foranes i invasores que s’han instal\u00b7lat en aquests nous ecosistemes marins i el futur pot ser encara m\u00e9s descoratjador”, assenyala el director de projectes de la Fundaci\u00f3 Pro Reial Acad\u00e8mia de Doctors.<\/p>\n

“El nostre comprom\u00eds actual amb la protecci\u00f3 de l’entorn mar\u00ed del qual depenem \u00e9s del tot insuficient i estem molt a prop d’arribar al punt de no retorn, una situaci\u00f3 indesitjable que ja condiciona les nostres vides i la de les futures generacions. Hem de ser la g\u00e8nesi de la soluci\u00f3 des del coneixement, la sinergia entre els agents socials i de les empreses que viuen de l’\u00fas de l’ecosistema mar\u00ed i que entenen que invertir en la seva conservaci\u00f3 activa \u00e9s consolidar-ne el futur i la prosperitat”, conclou Ventura<\/strong>.<\/p>\n","protected":false},"excerpt":{"rendered":"

L’\u00faltim informe Silmar de l’Estaci\u00f3 de la Cima, testifica la regressi\u00f3 de la flora i la fauna del fons mar\u00ed d’aquesta zona, i la proliferaci\u00f3 d’algunes de les esp\u00e8cies invasores<\/p>\n","protected":false},"author":12,"featured_media":118375,"comment_status":"closed","ping_status":"closed","sticky":false,"template":"","format":"standard","meta":{"_et_pb_use_builder":"","_et_pb_old_content":"","_et_gb_content_width":"","footnotes":""},"categories":[307,366],"tags":[],"class_list":["post-118301","post","type-post","status-publish","format-standard","has-post-thumbnail","hentry","category-biologia-marina-ca","category-noticies-projecte-silmar","et-has-post-format-content","et_post_format-et-post-format-standard"],"yoast_head":"\nRegressi\u00f3 de la biodiversitat - Reial Acad\u00e8mia Europea de Doctors<\/title>\n<meta name=\"description\" content=\"El darrer informe Silmar testifica la regressi\u00f3 de la flora i la fauna del fons mar\u00ed, i la proliferaci\u00f3 d'algunes de les esp\u00e8cies invasores\" \/>\n<meta name=\"robots\" content=\"index, follow, max-snippet:-1, max-image-preview:large, max-video-preview:-1\" \/>\n<link rel=\"canonical\" href=\"https:\/\/raed.academy\/ca\/regressio-de-la-biodiversitat\/\" \/>\n<meta property=\"og:locale\" content=\"ca_ES\" \/>\n<meta property=\"og:type\" content=\"article\" \/>\n<meta property=\"og:title\" content=\"Regressi\u00f3 de la biodiversitat - 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